Shelf management technology of planting Schisandra chinensis at home

1. The frame style of Schisandra chinensis

Wuwei is a perennial vine with thin, weak and soft branches, which need to be wound clockwise around other supports to grow upward, so it is necessary to set up a pole under the condition of home planting, so that Schisandra chinensis can maintain a certain tree shape, and branches and leaves can be distributed reasonably in space. in order to obtain sufficient light and good ventilation conditions, and facilitate a series of field management operations in the garden. The cultivation of Schisandra chinensis is mainly based on a single-wall hedge (2 m × 1 m or 2 m × 0.70 m) with a height of 2 m, and 5 railway lines are pulled horizontally to fix the pole. The main advantage of the rack is that it is beneficial to the ventilation and light transmission of the shelf surface, improve the fruit quality and reduce the diseases and insect pests.

II. Plastic surgery

(1) the vertical frame poles are usually made of bamboo poles, with a length of 2.0mi 2.2 meters and a thinner head diameter of 1.5ml 2.0cm, with two roots per plant, which are respectively inserted on both sides of the plant. When the plant spacing is 70cm, the distance between the rods is 35cm, and when the distance between the plants is 1m, the distance between the rods is 50cm. The embedded part of the town is dipped with asphalt to extend its service life, and the rod is fixed on the line with thin iron wire.

(2) the tree shape commonly used in Schisandra chinensis is the shapeless pruning of two groups of main vines, that is, there are about 2 fixed main vines on each bamboo pole on both sides of the plant, and there are lateral vines, fruiting branches, fruiting branches and vegetative branches on the main vines. It takes 3 years for each tree to form a tree shape. In the process of shaping, special attention should be paid to the selection of the main vine, and branches with strong growth potential, full growth and full bud eyes should be selected as the main vine. To strictly control the number of main vines, too many main vines will cause tree weakness and branch group retention confusion.

Third, the pruning of Wuyizi

(1) Winter pruning, also known as dormant pruning, is carried out once in each development cycle. Schisandra chinensis has a long period of pruning in winter, which can be pruned from 2-3 weeks after dormancy to one month before the beginning of the next year. In northeast China, it is better to finish pruning in mid-late March. Generally, 1-4 buds are pruned from the obvious buds at the base of the new shoots, of which 1 is 2 buds or only the basal buds are ultra-short shoots, 5-7 buds are left for middle shoot pruning, more than 8 buds are long shoots pruning, and more than 15 buds are called ultra-long shoots pruning. Schisandra chinensis is mainly pruned by medium and long shoots, and long, medium and short shoots should be pruned on the same tree according to the situation. When pruning, the cut is about 2 cm away from the bud and 30 cm from the ground, leaving no branches in the shelf. At the end of the branch

Before covering the shelf surface, only the immature part of the main vine should be cut off; the opposite side of the vine should be pruned mainly by medium-long branches with a spacing of 15-20 cm, and the foliage branches can be moderately thinned or not cut. In order to promote the germination of basal buds and facilitate the cultivation of reserve branches, short shoots and ultra-short shoots can also be pruned. The middle and long branches cut in the previous year should be retracted in time, and in order to appropriately increase the amount of buds retained, the result group should be cut, that is, two or more fruit units should be cut at the same position on the side branches. The elongated branches of the previous year should be renewed with robust branches because they bear too much fruit.

(2) in the young stage of summer plum, the selected main vine should be tied to the bamboo pole in time to promote its upward growth, and part of the side vine should be tied to the wire according to its position, so that they do not block the light from each other. In the growing season, many sprouting and tillering branches will sprout, which clings to the shelf surface, causing the shelf surface to be closed, affecting ventilation and light transmission, so it is necessary to clean up the sprouting and tillering branches to ensure normal ventilation and light transmission and reduce nutritional competition.

IV. Problems in the management of the shelves of Schisandra chinensis

1. There are too many main vines because the annual branches of Schisandra chinensis are relatively weak, so some growers do not have the heart to remove too much when selecting the main vines. As a result, due to the excessive number of main vines, the selection and retention of fruiting mother branches is chaotic, which is not conducive to cultivation and management. It is easy to cause tree weakness.

2. due to the large number of buds of Schisandra chinensis during winter cutting, the posterior branch group weakens seriously. if we do not pay attention to the timely retraction and renewal, the tree potential will be further weakened and the yield stability will be affected.

3. In summer, if we do not pay attention to the five flavors of the fruit-bearing mother branch, the middle and long branches bear fruit mainly, because the load of the mother branch is large and often droop, which affects the ventilation and light transmission of the lower part, so that the growth of the lower branch is not full, and the germination and flowering and fruiting of the next year are affected. If we do not pay attention to this work for many years, the lower part of the plant will be bald and the yield will be obviously affected.