Fructus Schisandrae (chinese magnoliavine)

A cultivated species of the genus Schisandra of Magnoliaceae, scientific name Schisandrachinensis (Turcz.) Baill, deciduous woody vine crop. It gets its name because of its sweet, sour, bitter, and salty flavors. Alias Schisandra chinensis, Schisandra chinensis and mountain pepper. Distributed in Northeast and North China, the main producing areas are Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces.

Stem bark grayish brown, with obvious lenticels. Twigs reddish brown, slightly glossy. Simple leaves alternate, stipitate, broadly elliptic or Obovate. Flowers unisexual, white or pink, monoecious. After flowering, the receptacle elongated in a spike shape. The berries are globose and crimson when ripe. The seed is reniform. Most of them are wild among small trees and bushes on both sides of the forest edge, mountain gully and stream.

Like fat, like moisture, afraid of bright light. It is suitable to choose forest edge land or mature land with fertile soil, deep soil layer and strong water retention capacity. Mainly by seed reproduction. In autumn, ears with large and uniform fruit grains are selected and dried in the sun or shade for seed use. In late February, the fruit was soaked in clean water for 4-6 days, then the water was changed every two days, then the pulp was rubbed, the blighted grains were removed, and the fruit was buried in wet sand 3 times that of the seed at a low temperature of 0-5 ℃ to complete post-ripening. Sowing and raising seedlings in the first and middle of May. Low-lying areas prone to waterlogging need to be high beds, border high 15cm or so; high dry and dry areas for flat beds. The width of the bed is about 1.2m, strip sowing or sowing. Row spacing 10cm. 1.5cm covered with soil. The sowing amount is about 30g per square meter. After sowing, set up a shed for shade and keep the soil moist. Remove the shade when 2-3 leaves grow and the weather is cool. In the next spring, it was planted according to the row spacing of 120 × 50cm. Topdressing 1-2 times a year, the first time in the leaf expansion, mainly nitrogen fertilizer; after the second flowering, mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Open a ring-shaped ditch around the plant, apply fertilizer into the ditch, and then cover the soil. Prune after defoliation in autumn or before germination in spring, and retain 2-3 robust branches as main stems to loosen soil and weed in time. In the third year after planting, the ripe fruits were picked in late October, removed impurities and dried, and stored in a ventilated and dry place to prevent mildew and deterioration.

The fruit contains Schizandrin, Deoxyschizandrin, volatile oil, citral, citric acid, vitamin C and E. The taste is sour, salty and warm. It has the effect of collecting lung and relieving cough, tonifying kidney and astringent essence. The main treatment of lung deficiency asthma cough, spontaneous sweating, night sweating, kidney deficiency slippery essence, long diarrhea and other diseases.