Cultivation techniques of Schisandra chinensis

Schisandra chinensis, also known as noodle vine, mountain pepper, belongs to the magnoliaceae plant. Its medicinal part is the fruit, which is warm in nature and enters the two meridians of the lung and kidney. It has the functions of nourishing the kidney and collecting the lung, promoting fluid and sweat, astringent essence and calming the nerves. Mainly produces Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hebei and other places. Because the inherent quality and efficacy of Schisandra chinensis is better than that of Schisandra chinensis, its market prospect is good, especially suitable for the intercropping of sloping farmland to forest above 25 °C. it is the first choice to get rich in adjusting the industrial structure in rural areas.

(1) Plant morphology and growth environment

Twining vines, stems up to 8 mi 10 m long, reddish brown. Simple leaves alternate, broadly ovoid, petiole often reddish. Flowers unisexual, dioecious or monoecious. Aggregate berries globose, red, clustered on elongated pedicel rachis. Flowering from May to June, fruit ripening from August to September, born in sunny slope mixed wood forest, wrapped around other plants.

(2) cultivation

(1) Land selection: Schisandra chinensis should have a cool and cold climate. It is better to choose fertile and deep humus soil. (2) soil preparation: before sowing, 3500mur5000 kg of barnyard manure per mu is applied as base fertilizer, and then the soil is turned deep into a seedbed with a width of 1.5 meters. (3) planting: seed reproduction: seeds are generally treated by water immersion. After soaking for 3 days, the pulp is rubbed off and the peel and inferior seeds are bleached with clean water. Spring sowing is from late March to early April and autumn sowing is from early September to early October. It can be broadcast or broadcast. Sowing is generally 15 Mel 20 grains per square centimeter, covering soil 2 Mel 3 cm, covered with straw or straw curtain, irrigation moist. Strip sowing is to first trench the border, the furrow distance is 25ml / 30cm, then sow the seeds into the furrow, cover the soil 1.5ml / 2cm, cover and press, then cover with straw and irrigate. Cutting propagation method: from June to August, select 2-3-year-old branches, cut 12ml 15cm, cut directly in the seedbed, often watered. Keep the soil moist and promote rooting. (4) Field management: during the seedling growth period, scaffolding should be set up to shade; weeding and loosening soil in time can be transplanted to Honda according to plant spacing of 30 cm and row spacing of 50 cm after 2-3 years. (5) Disease and pest control: pest hunting and killing at any time. The disease can be sprayed with lime water and Bordeaux solution. (6) scaffolding: use bamboo poles or wooden poles to build a frame every two rows, the bottom should be buried firmly, the upper part of the frame should be tied up with iron wire, and connected with No. 8 iron wire to facilitate its climbing growth. Schisandra chinensis generally begins to blossom in the third year, but the number of flowers is small, and it bears little fruit. After growing for 5 years, Schisandra chinensis can harvest fruit, the yield per mu is more than 400 kg, and its yield is increasing year by year.

(3) Collection and processing

The harvest period is from September to October, but October is the best. After picking, remove impurities such as fruit stalks and put them on the curtain to dry. The following quick-drying methods can also be used: (1) after picking back Schisandra chinensis, bask in 2ml for 3 days, then boil it in boiling water pot, and then put it on the curtain to dry for about 4 min for 5 days. (2) after plucking, let the sun shine for 3 days, and then put the Kang on fire for 7 days.