Experiment on the formula of cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus with mulberry sawdust

At present, the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus in Fujian, Jiangxi and other places mainly use hard sawdust and cottonseed shell, but the yield is low. The purpose of this experiment is to explore the suitable formula of cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus with mulberry sawdust and silkworm sand in order to make full use of local resources, save cost and improve economic benefit.

1 materials and methods

1.1 the tested strain Tea Tree Mushroom No. 1 was provided by Fujian Gutian Kexing Edible Fungi Research Institute.

1.2 the experimental formula ① cotton husk 82%, wheat bran 18%; ② cotton seed shell 36%, mulberry sawdust 36%, rice straw powder 10%, silkworm sand 9%, wheat bran 9%; ③ cotton seed husk 18%, mulberry sawdust 54%, rice straw powder 10%, silkworm sand 9%, wheat bran 9%; ④ mulberry wood shavings 72%, rice straw powder 10%, wheat bran 18%; ⑤ mulberry wood shavings 72%, rice straw powder 10%, wheat bran 9%, silkworm sand 9%. The above formula is added with 5% corn meal, 2% gypsum and 3% lime powder.

1.3 the culture material was weighed according to the formula. First, the cotton husk, mulberry sawdust and rice straw powder were mixed with 2% lime powder and mixed evenly. The heap temperature was about 60 ℃. The heap was maintained for 24 hours. After the fermentation continued for 2 days, the fermentation material was covered with white actinomycetes. When it was fragrant, it was mixed with wheat bran, silkworm sand (soaked in 20min and then dried), corn meal and gypsum, and the pH value was adjusted to 9.10% with 1% lime water. High pressure polyethylene corner bag with water content of 60%, bag sterilization inoculation (17cm × 33cm × 0.045cm) and high 16cm). After inoculation, the cells were cultured in the dark at 20: 26 ℃. The mycelium growth was measured by sampling 10 bags every 5 days during the inoculation period. When the mycelium was sent to the bottom of the bag, it was moved into the cultivation room, each treatment of 50 bags was divided into 1 plot, 3 repeats were set up, and the excess bags were designed in random groups. the excess bags were used as protective rows, regardless of yield. The temperature of the mushroom room is controlled at 10: 26 ℃, the scattered light is maintained, water is sprayed into the ground and air 3 times a day and 4 times a day, and the air relative humidity is maintained at 85% 95%. Collect and weigh the fungus cover when it is in a semicircular shape. After 1 tide, clean the material surface, culture for 7 days and 12 days, lower tide mushroom, each 1 tide mushroom, replenish water 50~100mL/ bag, a total of 3 tide mushroom.

2 results and analysis

2.1The mycelium growth of each formula can be seen from Table 1, formula ④ and formula ⑤ grow fast, formula ② and formula ③ grow slowly, formula ① is the slowest, which takes 46 days.

Table 1 mycelium growth rate of each formula

Formula ①②③④⑤

Mycelial growth rate (mm/d) 3.54.64.95.15.0

Mycelium full bag (d) 4638333132

Mycelial growth +

The results of yield test of each formula showed that there was no significant difference in the yield of formula ①, while the yield of formula ③ and formula ④ was concentrated in the first tide and the least in the third tide. The yield of formula ② is higher than that of formula ①. This may contain more cotton seed shell formula, cotton seed shell degradation is slow, so the yield of each tide is more balanced. From the analysis of bioconversion rate, the formula ② is the highest. This is because the nutrient degradation rate and air permeability of the formula ② are better than those of the other four formulations. Formula ④ is similar to formula ⑤ in speed and yield, indicating that the nutritional effects of silkworm sand and wheat bran are similar.

Table 2 yield and biological efficiency of each formula (unit: kg,%)

Formula ①②③④⑤

Total output 12.9214.0710.429.109.04

Biological efficiency 64.670.3552.245.545.2

The first tide occupies 33405164.563.4

According to our market price accounting in 2005, from Table 3, the output-input ratio of formula ⑤ is the highest, followed by formula ②, formula ③ and formula ④. The lowest output-input ratio of formula ① is 6.45 ∶ 1, but the economic benefit formula ② is the highest.

Table 3 cost accounting of each formula (yuan)

Formula ①②③④⑤

Cotton husk 14.766.483.24-0

Mulberry sawdust-1.442.162.882.88

Rice straw powder-0.200.200.200.20

Wheat bran 3.61.81.83.61.8

Silkworm sand-0.90.900.9

Other 1.621.621.621.621.62

Total 19.9813.449.928.307.40

Output 129.2140.7104.491.090.4

∶ 110.43 ∶ 110.4 ∶ 110.9 ∶ 112.2 ∶ 1

Note: ① cotton husk 0.90, mulberry sawdust 0.20, rice straw powder 0.10, wheat bran 1.00, silkworm sand 0.05,1.2 corn meal, gypsum 0.6, lime powder 0.3 yuan / kg; ② dry material 0.4kg/ bag, 50 bags / treatment, count 20kg dry material / treatment, ③ fresh tea tree mushroom 10 yuan / kg.

3 summary and discussion

3.1 the results of this experiment show that cotton husk and mulberry sawdust account for 36% each, and the formula ② is the most ideal, with the highest biological efficiency, the highest economic benefit, more balanced mushroom production and higher production and investment. Secondly, the formula ③ with mulberry sawdust and a small amount of cottonseed shell is also worth using.

3.2 with the rapid development of edible mushroom industry and the further deepening of national forest protection policy, using a large number of sericulture by-products to produce edible fungi is indeed a new way to solve the lack of raw materials for edible mushroom production, and has a good development prospect.