Transplanting large seedlings of spruce

Seedling transplanting is one of the main greening means of urban street and landscaping as well as the construction of ecologically well-off villages and towns. In recent years, the transplanting of large seedlings is particularly important because of its quick effect, remarkable effect and not easy to be damaged by man-made, which has been recognized by everyone. However, the transplanting of large seedlings is also restricted by such factors as high cost, large investment, low survival rate and so on. Therefore, mastering the transplanting technology according to the biological characteristics of different tree species, improving the survival rate and increasing the green area play a positive role in promoting the construction of ecological civilization. Qinghai spruce is an endemic tree species in the Qilian Mountains. It is very popular because of its evergreen seasons and shallow root distribution in the soil, which is easy to dig and plant. In recent years, Haxi Forest Farm in Tianzhu County, Gansu Province has carried out a large number of large seedlings transplanting of Qinghai spruce in the low-altitude Sichuan area of Wuwei City, Wuhai Industrial Park of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region and Yinchuan City of Ningxia Hui Autonomous region. According to its biological characteristics and different regional characteristics, the main technical measures to improve the transplanting survival rate of spruce seedlings were summarized.

I. transplanting and planting of large seedlings is the key.

1. Dig the transplantation hole and fill the bottom water. The size of the transplanted hole should be determined according to the size of spruce seedlings: generally, the height of the seedling is more than 6 meters, the depth of the hole is more than 1.5 meters, and the diameter is not less than 1.8 meters; the height of the seedlings is 5 meters, the depth of holes is more than 1.3 meters, and the diameter is not less than 1.5 meters; the height of seedlings is 4 meters, the depth of holes is more than 1.1 meters, and the diameter is not less than 1.3 meters; the height of seedlings is 3-4 meters, the depth of holes is more than 1.0 meters, and the diameter is not less than 1.1 meters. The height of the seedling is 2 to 3 meters, the depth of the hole is more than 1.0 meters, and the diameter is not less than 1.0 meters, while the height of the seedling is 1 to 2 meters, the depth of the hole is more than 0.6 meters, and the diameter is not less than 0.8 meters. After the transplantation hole is dug, the bottom water is irrigated once before seedling transplantation, and the amount of water is half of the depth of the hole.

2. Prepare the planting soil. Pick up all the stones, grass roots, construction waste, waste plastic bags and other sundries in the planting soil. Conditions can also be mixed with some farm manure to facilitate the seedlings to take root and absorb nutrients after planting.

3. Plant and straighten the seedlings and irrigate enough water. When planting large seedlings, first bury 30 cm thick planting soil in the hole, and then position the seedlings at one time according to the crown shape, so as to reduce the number of seedling movement in the hole as far as possible, especially the large seedlings of more than 4 meters, so as not to damage the root system by the weight of soil balls and crowns. After the seedlings are set up, the transplanted soil of 1PUB3 is filled, tamped between the hole and the soil ball with a stick, and then filled with the hole and pressed with your feet. The water storage pit was slowly irrigated with small water, enough fixed seedling water, and then fixed root water again a week later. This time, fixed root water had a great influence on the survival rate.

4. Set up a protective frame and fix the seedlings. Due to the strong wind in spring, the soil after watering trees is soft, and the retention force is low, so it is easy to be blown, blown down, or swayed with the wind, resulting in damage to root growth and affect survival.

Second, dig a big soil ball and cover the root system to prevent the root system from losing water

1. Dig the standard soil ball and reduce the injury surface of root system. The size of the soil ball when digging seedlings is generally determined according to the size of the seedlings. When the seedling height is more than 6 meters, the diameter of the soil ball should be 1.5-1.6 m and the thickness should be 1-1.2 m. When the seedling height is 5-6 m, the diameter of the soil ball should be 1.2-1.3 m and the thickness is 0.8-1.0 m. When the seedling height is 4-5 m, the diameter of the soil ball should be 1.0-1.2 m and the thickness should be 0.6-0.8 m. When the seedling height is 3 meters, the diameter of the excavated soil ball shall be 0.8 meters, and the thickness shall be 0.5 meters; when the seedling height is 3 meters, the diameter of the excavated soil ball shall be 0.6 meters, and the thickness shall be not less than 0.5 meters; when the seedling height is 3 meters, the diameter of the soil ball shall be not less than 0.6 meters, and the thickness shall not be less than 0.4 meters. When raising seedlings, cut off the overgrown roots with a sharp axe to prevent the root system from splitting, enlarging the wound surface, making it difficult to heal and affecting survival.

2. Wrap the earth ball and bind the tree crown. Wrap the soil ball tightly around the excavated seedlings with a grass rope to prevent them from becoming loose in the process of transportation and loading and unloading, resulting in the loss of water from the bare roots of the seedlings. In order to protect the crown shape, the seedling crown is tied up along the trunk with a grass rope to facilitate loading, unloading, transportation and planting. Cut the grass rope and release the tree shape after planting.

Third, closely link up the planting links

Seedlings should be loaded and transported immediately after excavation, and covered with tarpaulins to prevent loss of water due to wind, do not stop on the way, and plant immediately after arriving at the destination. Transplanting from Tianzhu, Gansu Province to Wuhai City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous region showed that for every 24 hours of mining and planting of Qinghai spruce, the transplanting survival rate decreased by 15% to 20%. The longer the day, the lower the survival rate of transportation.

In a word, the transplanting survival rate of Qinghai spruce seedlings is affected by many factors, such as mining, packaging, transportation, planting, moisture, soil, management and so on. In practice, we need to gradually grasp the key factors affecting transplanting survival in different regions and different environmental conditions, so as to improve the survival rate. To meet the growing needs of ecological villages, towns and cities for landscaping, and play an active role in increasing the green area and promoting the construction of ecological civilization.