spruce seedling transplanting method

I. Selection of afforestation sites

According to the geographical location and climatic characteristics of afforestation sites, microclimate conditions suitable for spruce growth, especially wet conditions, were selected. Under suitable microclimate conditions, we should focus on selecting soil with deep soil layer, loose texture and rich organic matter. In places with poor site conditions and less vegetation, we should strengthen cultivation measures to improve soil fertility. In order to ensure the shade tolerance and moisture required for spruce growth, the traditional seedling planting method was changed in our farm in Wulasitai Township in 2002. The seedlings with a height of more than 50 cm were selected, and the pits were 40×40×50 cm. The seedlings were buried in the pits about 40 cm, and the soil covering was the same as that of normal seedlings. By adopting the deep-hole seedling planting method, the seedlings are cool, water evaporation is reduced, and the survival rate of the year reaches 90%.

II. Land preparation

Land preparation method can be used in strips or blocks, no matter what method is used, attention should be paid to favorable drainage. In the newly felled land with few weeds and soft soil, it is advisable to adopt hole-like soil preparation, remove ground cover and dead branches, the hole size is 40×40×40 cm, and the hole depth must be dug to pure soil layer. On the grassland and old cutting site where weeds are dense, grass roots are thick and soil is sticky, it is advisable to adopt inclined mountain belt land preparation, with a width of 50~70 cm and a depth of 15~20 cm. No matter belt or hole shape should be made high outside and low inside, so as to collect rainwater for sapling growth.

III. Planting density

To determine the density of spruce plantation, we must consider the growth characteristics, site conditions and economic effects of spruce. Spruce afforestation is mainly to cultivate large-diameter timber. Artificial spruce grows very slowly in the first few years, the annual growth of tree height is less than 10 cm, after 15 years, the annual growth of tree height can reach more than 40 cm, and the tree height can reach 18 meters in 40 years. At this time, the crown radius of trees can reach 3 meters. Now Nilek Forest Farm plantation, the highest age is 40 years, at that time the plant spacing 4×4 meters, this forest is now airtight, leaves often withered and deciduous disease. In recent years, artificial afforestation plant spacing is generally 2×1.8 meters in Nilek Forest Farm. Through investigation of artificial afforestation forest stand in the past, it is found that the forest stand is too dense for people to pass through. This kind of forest stand is unfavorable for tree growth and is prone to diseases and insect pests. Thinning is adopted. The trunk under 40 years old has a large taper and a length of more than ten meters. It is difficult to become a tree. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring survival, the artificial afforestation plant spacing can be set at 6×6 meters (seedling height is more than 50 cm).

IV. Creating mixed forests

At present, it is customary to build pure spruce forest in production, which has high risk, serious disease and insect pests, and poor effect of improving soil and conserving water and soil, so mixed forest is advocated. To establish mixed forest is mainly to ensure that trees can grow rapidly and improve the utilization rate of land. Firstly, the spacing of spruce trees is determined to be 6×6 meters. In the spacing of spruce trees, poplar and birch can be planted. The spacing of spruce trees is 1.5×1.5 meters, and the planting ratio is 1:3. In the place with better site conditions, 200~320 trees can be planted every 667 square meters in mixed forest.

V. Planting methods

Generally adopt hole planting, dig not less than 30~40 cm square, deep planting hole about 30 cm, hole bottom should be flat, seedling planting is correct, root strip stretch, seedling tip to the foot of the mountain, to be properly planted deeply, expand deep root position, enhance cold resistance, cover soil carefully, prevent nest root, to be layered solid, cover some loose soil above, so that the pit outside is high and low inside.