Introduction of beehive

1. The structure of beehive with movable hive frame (movable beehive) is an important production tool for scientific beekeeping. Beekeeping with a live beehive can open the hive at any time, take out the hive and spleen examination, understand the situation of the colony, observe the living activities of @ # @ 255 beehives, and produce all kinds of bee products according to needs and possibilities, and it is convenient for re-rearing. Beehives are kept in the open air for a long time and are exposed to wind, rain and sun, and bees must live in beehives to nurture bees and store fodder, so the structure of beehives must be in line with the living habits of bees, uniform size standards, and strong and durable. The manufacture of beehives requires the selection of solid, light, non-deformed wood, and should be fully dry. Korean pine, white pine, Linden and paulownia are mostly made in the north, while Chinese fir is better in the south. At present, the beehives commonly used in raising European honeybees in China are 10 standard beehives and 16 horizontal beehives.

(1) 10 frames of standard beehives 10 frames of standard beehives are the most commonly used beehives for European honeybees in the world, also known as Lang's beehives. The utility model is composed of a 10-nest frame, a box body, a box bottom, a nest door plate, an auxiliary cover (or gauze cover), a box cover and a partition. The relay box can be superimposed on the box body when needed. The relay box is common to the box body of the live beehive. When the colony develops to 8-10 frame bees, stacking the relay box upward can expand the hive in time, give full play to the spawning power of the queen bee, and cultivate a strong colony. The king partition board can be used to separate the breeding area of the nest box from the honey storage of the relay box, which is helpful to improve the quality of honey and accelerate the maturity of honey. In order to facilitate transportation and transfer breeding, fixed bottom beehives are often used, and screen windows that can be opened and closed can be set up on the front and back walls of beehives and relay boxes.

(2) 12-frame square beehives were introduced from the former Soviet Union and are mainly used in the northeast and the north. This kind of beehive has a large volume, equal to 1.5 times that of 10 standard beehives, and the wood used to make the beehive is particularly thick, usually more than 25mm. It is beneficial to heat preservation, raising strong groups and overwintering in cold areas. The inner circumference of the 12-frame square beehive is 455 mm x 455 mm x 330 mm, and 450 mm x 450 mm x 330 mm is also used. each beehive holds 12 435 mm x 300 mm honeycomb frames with a height of 310 mm.

(3) 16-frame horizontal beehive 16-frame horizontal beehive is a horizontal beehive with 16 standard hive frames. When expanding the volume of the beehive, the hive can be expanded horizontally by adding spleen, and the beehive can also be divided into 2-3 areas with a gate to raise multiple groups in the same box.

(4) the standard box of Chinese bee is specially designed for scientific breeding of Chinese bee. It uses a shallow trunk with a height of 135mm. The outer part of the trunk is 420mm long and 125mm high.

(5) the transfer beehive designed by Zhejiang Agricultural University is especially suitable for rearing, and its structure is basically the same as that of 10 standard beehives. The special structure is: ① box wall inside bearing frame groove 60100mm, installed nest spleen fast fixator; ② on both sides of the lower part of the box plate, protruding the front wall of the box 55mm, a section of 10mm high, both can install nest door flip plate, which is nailed on the cover plate, close the nest door, when turning the board, it can also be used as a corridor for bees to live; the bottom of the ③ box is 120mm away from the leading edge to open and close a bottom air window with a skateboard.

two。 The hive door of the beehive is provided with a nest door between the hive and the bottom of the hive for bees to enter and exit when raising. The size of the entrance and exit of bees varies in different seasons, so it is necessary to use the nest door to better adjust the size of the nest door. For the beehive at the bottom of the mobile box, a square wooden nest door is generally used, which is 380 mm long and 22 mm wide and high. In different directions of the square wood, there are two notches of different sizes, the large notch 165 mm wide and 9 mm high, and the small notch 50 mm wide and 8 mm high, which can form three different entrances and exits of bees. Large entrances and exits are needed during flowering, and the entire nest gate can be used as an entrance; in the non-flowering period, one of the two gaps in the nest door is selected as the entrance and exit of bees. For the fixed bottom of the box, the nest door generally uses a compound nest door, that is, a rectangular strip with a length of 380mm, a thickness of 10mm and a height of 30mm. The wooden strips are placed on the pedal of the nest door, and the height partially covers the nest door. There are two grooves of different sizes on the wood strips, which are 9 mm high and 60 mm and 40 mm wide, so that the grooves face the pedal of the nest door, and small slats of the same size are embedded in the grooves, and the small slats are pierced with nails into the grooves of the wood strips, so that the small slats can move freely. To adjust the size of the nest door, one is to adjust the distance between the whole nest door and the nest door pedal; the other is to fix the nest door and only adjust the height of the two moving slats to control the size of the opening.

3. The partition board and the isolation board are used to isolate the bees, which can cut off the bee path. When it is necessary to raise two or more independent colonies in a beehive, it is required to be divided into two or more separate spaces in a beehive, and an isolation plate is applied to insert it into the hive as a "wall". Separate the space and cut off the front, back, up and down bee paths, so that all groups of bees can not come and go.