Guidelines for the use of pollution-free fishery drugs

Although fishery drugs can treat the diseases of farmed fish, shrimp and crabs, because aquatic products will eventually be put on the table of the people, so the safety of drugs used in the prevention and treatment of diseases must be paid attention to. In order to prevent harmful substances contained in aquatic products from harming human health, the Food Hygiene Law stipulates that aquatic products such as fish, shrimp and crabs shall not contain antibiotics or synthetic antimicrobial agents or other substances harmful to human health. In order to prevent drug residues, it is necessary to understand the correct method of drug use and drug withdrawal period. The relevant state departments have promulgated the "pollution-free food." The guidelines for the use of fishery drugs set out the basic principles for the use of fishery drugs, the methods for the use of fishery drugs and the prohibition of fishery drugs.

I. basic principles for the use of fishery drugs

The use of fishery drugs is based on the basic principle of not endangering human health and not damaging the ecological environment of the water area. In the process of aquaculture, the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of aquatic animals must adhere to the principle of prevention first and treatment as a supplement. The use of fishery drugs should strictly comply with the regulations of the state and relevant departments, and the production, production and use of fishery drugs without production licenses, approval numbers and production standards are strictly prohibited. Actively encourage the development, production and use of fishery drugs with high efficiency, quick effect, long-term effect, as well as low toxicity, small side effects and small dosage, and promote the use of special aquatic drugs, biological fishery drugs and fishery biological products. When the disease occurs in fish, shrimp and crab, we should prescribe the right medicine to prevent the abuse of fishing medicine and blindly increase the dosage, increase the frequency of drug use or prolong the time of drug use. There should be a corresponding withdrawal period before aquatic products are put on the market. The length of drug withdrawal period should ensure that the drug residues of listed aquatic products meet the requirements of "fishery drug residue limits in pollution-free aquatic products", and the addition of drugs in aquaculture feed should meet the requirements of "pollution-free food". The Safety limit of compound Feed for Fish requires that no drugs or additives prohibited by the State, nor shall antibiotics be added to the feed for a long time.

II. Disease prevention of farmed aquatic products

Fish, shrimp and crabs live in the water, once the disease occurs, the spread through the water will soon become popular, and often show a large-scale spread trend, easy to cause greater economic losses. In addition, sick fish, shrimp and crabs do not eat with the aggravation of the disease, coupled with aquatic products living in water, which brings great difficulties to treatment and isolation. It is not convenient to sprinkle medicine liquid in the whole pool, medicine bath or injection, and some diseases are still lack of effective treatment at present. Therefore, the most important thing for the prevention and control of aquatic animal diseases is to pay attention to prevention. Only by doing a good job of disease prevention can we prevent the disease, reduce the loss and improve the efficiency of breeding. Prevention work must take comprehensive measures through a variety of ways in order to achieve the goal.

1. Clean up the pond thoroughly

The pond is the place where aquatic animals live. Whether the pond is clean or not directly affects the health and effect of farmed fish, shrimp and crabs. Therefore, we must do a good job in clearing the enemy and eliminating pathogenic pathogens.

(1) dry pond cleaning: after fishing in winter, the pond water is pumped, a layer of silt is dug out, exposed and frozen for a period of time, so as to achieve the purpose of removing pathogenic pathogens. At the same time, weeds should be removed from the dike slope of the pond to prevent insects from spawning.

(2) Drug pond cleaning: it is the use of drugs to kill all kinds of wild fish and other enemy organisms harmful to farmed aquatic animals in the pond, including parasites and pathogenic microorganisms, so as to create a safe environment for raising aquatic animals. There are many kinds of pond cleaning drugs, quicklime and bleach which are commonly used in production, which are not harmful to the water environment and the safety of aquatic products. No matter what kind of drug or method is used to clear the pond, due to the difference in water temperature and the different tolerance of various aquatic animals to drugs, aquaculture products must be tried before stocking (commonly known as water test). Only after it is proved that the toxicity of the clear pond drug disappears, can a large number of aquatic seedlings be released.

two。 Strengthen feeding and management

The occurrence of diseases of aquaculture aquatic products is closely related to feeding management and water environment. If the water quality is too thin, grass carp seedlings are prone to white head and mouth disease, and farmed fish are prone to bacterial Gill rot and enteritis. Farmed fish are vulnerable to bacteria, molds and parasites after careless operation and injury. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen feeding and management, do a good job in feeding, pay attention to changes in water quality, regularly use water improvement agents such as "Water quality improvement King, Dibijing, Water Doctor", improve water environment, and operate carefully. Preventing injuries to aquatic animals is an important measure that can not be ignored in disease prevention.

3. Do a good job of drug prevention and immunization

Drug prophylaxis was carried out for stocked seedlings in the disease epidemic season, including seedling medicine bath, whole pool sprinkling medicine, feeding bait, disinfection of food grounds and tools, etc. Immunization is through vaccination, so that the fish produce resistance to pathogens, so as not to appear or reduce the occurrence of diseases. Immune methods can be used to prevent viral and bacterial diseases in fish.

4. Do a good job in aquatic animal quarantine

When purchasing the fry of aquatic animals from other places, the aquatic products or veterinary management department of the place of origin shall do a good job in disease quarantine. Production units and individual producers shall not purchase fry of aquatic animals from epidemic areas or purchase fry of diseased aquatic animals, so as to ensure the smooth development of aquaculture production.

5. Do a good job in dealing with epidemic diseases

Once infectious diseases occur in farmed aquatic animals, they should not be sold or transferred, and their water bodies should not be discharged casually to avoid further spread of the disease. The original pool should be treated with medication or disinfection, and report to the competent department at a higher level at the first time. Do not litter sick or dead aquatic animals, but should concentrate on burying them. The tools used should be disinfected with drugs or exposed to sunlight to prevent the spread of pathogens.