Eight requirements that should be paid attention to in the application of cotton film precision sowing machine

In 2005, our regiment introduced a 2BMJ-12 cotton film precision sowing machine produced by Shihezi Agricultural Machinery Research Institute, which was planted on a trial basis of 30 hectares in that year. The application of precision-on-demand technology on cotton film saves the cost of seed and manual seedling determination, and has the advantages of simple mechanical debugging operation, stable performance, uniform and neat growth of cotton seedlings after sowing. Below, eight requirements that should be paid attention to when using the machine are introduced as follows.

I. requirements for the quality of land ploughing

Suitable for soil moisture ploughing, the ploughing depth is 28cm to 30cm, and the ploughing depth is the same; the ploughing has no standing stalk and close cover with fertilizer; after ploughing, the surface is flat and broken evenly, reaching the end to the edge.

II. Requirements for the quality of land preparation

The quality of soil preparation is very important to whether the precision sowing can be completed with high quality. In order to ensure the quality of land preparation, the operation of joint soil preparation machine should be popularized in an all-round way. Precision sowing plots should more strictly implement the six-character standard of "soil moisture, broken, loose, even, flat and clean".

Third, the requirements for cotton seed

The purity of the improved seed should be more than 98%, and the purity should be more than 95%; the cotton seed should be full, mature, strong germination potential, and the germination rate should reach more than 90%; before sowing, the cotton seed should undergo strict artificial grain selection, full seed drying, electric field treatment and chemical coating.

4. Requirements for field cleanliness

The seed quantity of precision sowing is 1: 2 per hole. In order to reduce the influence of residual film and residual stalk on seedling emergence and sowing quality, it is required to be equipped with film-binding roller during soil preparation, and carefully pick up the surface residual stalk and broken film before and after soil preparation to clean the countryside.

5. Requirements for planters and operating units

The technical performance of the precision seeder is up to the standard and stable; the crew and professional and technical personnel should be trained comprehensively before sowing, and the crew should be familiar with the structure, performance, debugging methods and safety measures of the precision planter; farmers and workers should be familiar with sowing quality standards and master inspection methods.

VI. Requirements for soil texture

The amount of seed per hole of precision film sowing is small, and the ability of cotton seedling top soil in the seed hole is weaker than that of conventional sowing. Meadow soil and gray desert soil should be selected for precision sowing on the film, in case the seed line is seriously hardened after dripping water or rain, affecting the emergence of seedlings in the field.

7. Requirements for sowing operations

1. Requirements for sowing equipment

The throttle of the seeding locomotive should be controlled well to ensure that the speed of the fan reaches 4200 to 4500 rpm; when the unit is temporarily stopped, the power output should not be cut off, and the throttle should not be reduced to a position that is too small, and the fan should work normally; if the power output needs to be cut off due to special reasons in the process of field operation, the locomotive should be backed back 1 meter or 2 meters when the unit resumes operation, so as to eliminate the broken bar caused by power cut off. When the locomotive works to the ground, the following personnel should pass the observation window set on the side cover of the hole seeder in time to check whether the suction holes of the seed collecting plate are blocked or not; the locomotive group should thoroughly clean the seed collecting room after the end of the daily operation; the seeder should be debugged normally to meet the agronomic requirements of sowing quality; the seeding equipment should be repaired in time when there is mechanical failure, and can not be "sick" work.

two。 Requirements for sowing quality

It is required that the sowing line is straight, the line spacing and the handover line are accurate; the film is laid flat, the film surface is clear, and the lighting surface is sufficient; the film edge pressing film depth is 5cm, and the film edge is embedded in the soil; the hole rate and floating seed rate are not more than 2%; the seed hole dislocation rate is not more than 2%, and the seed line covering soil is true.

VIII. Requirements for post-broadcast management

After sowing, the seedling water should be dripped in time combined with the local weather forecast, and the seed knot should be broken in time after dripping or after the rain, so as to ensure that the cotton seedlings are unearthed by themselves; for the cotton fields that are difficult to emerge, replenish a small amount of water in time and organize labor to release seedlings, and be careful in the process of releasing seedlings, so as not to damage the cotton seedlings.