Morphological characteristics and suitable environment of Angelica sinensis
[morphological characteristics]
Perennial herbs. The height of the plant is 1 to 1.5 meters. Fleshy straight root, main root obvious, cylindrical, yellow-white skin, white cross-section, with chrysanthemum pattern. The stem is erect, basic purple, with obvious vertical and horizontal lines, divided into vegetative stem and flower stem. Leaves are divided into basal leaves and cauline leaves, basal leaves alternate, base enlarged into sheath-shaped clasping stems, purple-brown. The basal leaves and the lower leaves of the stem are 2-3 odd-pinnate leaves, with dentate notch and coarsely serrate on the margin. Compound umbels, terminal, each umbellule with 12-36 florets, white, double hanging fruit, long oval, flattened, 5-angled fruit, lateral ribs broadly winged, yellow when ripe. The flowering period is from June to July and the fruiting period is from August to September.
[suitable environment]
The requirements of temperature and moisture are relatively strict. Like the cool and humid environment, afraid of high temperature and extreme heat, it is suitable to grow in the cold mountain area with an elevation of 1500m to 3000m. Afraid of drought and waterlogging, the soil water content of about 25% is the most suitable for Angelica sinensis growth, but the soil moisture should not exceed 40%, otherwise it is easy to suffer from root rot. Seedlings like shade, avoid direct sunlight, should be covered with grass, the coverage of 80% to 90% is appropriate, and then increase the transmittance year by year, which is conducive to root development. The soil should be slightly acidic to medium injection, the soil layer is deep, fertile and loose, good drainage sandy loam or humus loam is better. Avoid continuous cropping, previous cropping with corn, Tartary buckwheat, hemp is appropriate, rotation period of 2-3 years. Mainly produced in Gansu Minxian, Wudu County, Zhangxian and other places.
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Land selection and preparation of Angelica sinensis
The main results are as follows: 1. According to the growth habits of Angelica sinensis seedlings, we choose the land surrounded by mountains, loose, fertile soil, high humus content, leeward, short light time, cool and moist land to raise seedlings. Angelica sinensis seeds are small, bud top soil strength is weak, so it is necessary to fine soil preparation in order to ensure normal seedling emergence. Ploughing the soil in the first year to make the soil fully weathered, it is best to turn the soil three times from April to May of that year. The first and second turning depth is 24cm 30cm, and the third shallow turning is 915cm. Dry and burn the weeds, spread and turn them over.
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Field Management of Angelica sinensis
1. When the height of inter-seedling and fixed seedling is 3 cm, the first seedling is carried out, and then the second seedling is carried out half a month later. When the height of the seedling is 10 cm, fix the seedling. There were 2 or 3 strong seedlings in each hole. 2. Angelica sinensis grows slowly at the initial stage of seedling emergence, but weeds grow rapidly, so weeds should be weeded in time, from seedling emergence to ridge closure, weeding should be done for 3 or 4 times by stages. The first weeding was carried out when the seedling height was about 5 cm, the second time after the seedling was fixed, and the third time before the seedling height was 20-25 cm. Combine weeding to loosen the soil to prevent soil consolidation and modification.
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