Ganoderma lucidum mosquito

The scientific name Neoempheriasinica, also known as the new Chinese mushroom mosquito, belongs to Diptera, Culicidae. The pest is mainly distributed in Jiangsu, Hubei, Shanghai, Beijing and other places, and mostly occurs in the shady and wet places of civil air defense tunnels. The insect harms Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes, Auricularia auricula, hericium Erinaceus, Flammulina velutipes and other edible fungi with larvae in spring and autumn.

The damage is characterized by larvae feeding on Ganoderma lucidum hyphae and fruiting bodies, leaving wormholes in the injured area, and also excreting mucus and insect dung to pollute the bacteria, resulting in the decline of the quality of Ganoderma lucidum.

Morphological characteristics

The adult body is 5-6.5 mm long; yellowish brown, head yellow, with a dark brown longitudinal band from the middle of the antennae to the back of the head passing through the middle of the single eye; 2 single eyes, large compound eyes, each with 1 anterior wide and narrow brown spot close to the posterior edge of the compound eye; long antennae, 14 flagellum; lower jaws brown, 3 nodes; well-developed chest, back plate hairy and 4 dark brown longitudinal bands, the middle two are long and V-shaped The forewing is 5 mm long and 1.4 mm wide, with brown spots on it; slender feet with a pair of distances at the end of the tibia; 9 abdominal segments, 1-5 segments of the dorsal plate with dark brown transverse bands at the back, and dark brown longitudinal bands in the middle.

The egg is oval, brown, the tip is pointed, the back is uneven, the ventral surface is smooth.

Larval maggot. The body length is 1-1.3 mm at first incubation, 10-16 mm at maturity, yellow-white, yellow in the head shell, yellowish in chest and abdomen, a total of 12 nodes, and the valve line is dark wavy.

The pupa is 5.1 mm long, the first pupa is milky white, and then gradually changes from light brown to dark brown.

Occurrence regularity 12 generations a year in Wuxi area, overwintering with eggs. The eggs hatched and began to move with the increase of temperature in April of the following year, and the peak period was different with different temperatures. The peak period was from April to June in Wuxi and from June to July in Beijing. The optimum temperature for the growth of the worm is 22-31 ℃. It takes 12-21 days to complete a generation, and the life span of adults is 3-6 days. The mating time of male and female adults varies. The egg stage is 2-4 days and the larval stage is 5-7 days. Larvae are gregarious. Adults often lay eggs at night and lay their eggs on the cover and stalk of sesame. Adults have phototaxis. The eggs entered the overwintering period after the middle of October.

Prevention and cure method

The main results are as follows: (1) strengthen cultivation management, improve environmental hygiene and eliminate insect sources. Clean up the waste such as sesame root left after harvest.

(2) install screen windows in the cultivation room to prevent outdoor bacteria and mosquitoes from flying into the mushroom room to lay eggs. Control the light source, do not install lights near doors and windows, and minimize indoor lighting time, so as not to attract outdoor mushroom mosquitoes.

(3) making use of the phototaxis of adults, you can use a 3-watt black light or energy-saving lamp to put a water basin under the lamp and add 0.1%DDVP to trap and kill (pay attention to close the door and window); stick 40% polypropylene glue on the board and hang it near the strong light, which has a good effect, and the sticky kill is valid for about 2 months.

(4) Chemical control can spray 1% trichlorfon crystal with 1% 500-1% trichlorfon crystal in the mushroom room. During the adult stage, spray 100-600 times of 80% dichlorvos EC or pyrethroids insecticides.

Commonly used agents trichlorfon crystal, dichlorvos EC, cypermethrin.