Edible fungus saprophytic tyroid mite

Tyrophagusputrescentiae belongs to the genus of acaridae, which is distributed all over the country.

(1) Hazard characteristics

This mite is one of the most harmful mites of edible fungi, which often occurs in mushroom bottle, mushroom bed, mushroom block, straw mushroom and Pleurotus ostreatus, and often occurs in a large number of edible mushroom cultivation materials such as rice straw, cottonseed hull and barnyard manure, especially in wet environment. After the edible fungus hyphae was eaten, it caused fracture and gradually tended to aging and decline, and the fruiting body formed a brown depression after being killed, which seriously affected the yield and quality.

(2) occurrence regularity

The whole life cycle of tyrophagus can be divided into four stages: egg, larva, nymph and adult mite. Both the larval and nymph stages have two stages: active stage and inactive stage. The suitable temperature for the reproduction of Tetranychus putreus is 2425 ℃, the low temperature limit for growth and development is 710 ℃, and the high temperature limit is 3537 ℃. Under suitable conditions, it takes about 15 days to reproduce a generation. Under the condition of 23 ℃, 24 ℃ and 28 ℃, the duration of eggs was 5 days, 4 days and 3 days, respectively. After hatching, the young mites began to crawl slowly, looking for feeding places. At 22-27 ℃, the duration of active young mites was 2-3 days, and that of inactive young mites was 0.7-1 days. In the resting stage, the young mites enter the nymph stage after peeling, and the nymph duration is about 5 days at 24-28 ℃. Finally it develops into an adult mite. Each female adult mite can lay 8 eggs in one day, up to 14 eggs. After spawning, the adult mite dies.

The saprophytic tyrophagus has a wide adaptability to temperature and a wide range of feeding, so it is possible for the saprophyte mites to occur under the environmental conditions suitable for the growth of edible fungi. Tyrophagus saprophyllus likes the place where it is moist and rich in humus, if the sown strain is unhealthy, the mycelium growth is poor, the humidity of the culture material is too high or the proportion is improper, the mycelium can not grow well, and the cultivation management is improper, which leads to the deterioration of the culture material. there will be the possibility of serious occurrence of saprophyte mites. Tetranychus tyrophus is a kind of harmful mite with miscellaneous food habits, which can eat mycelium and fruiting body of many kinds of edible fungi such as mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, straw mushroom, etc., as well as a variety of stored foods with high fat and protein content, as well as a variety of sweet foods. Therefore, it can be said that the source of mites is very widespread. In addition, mushroom room around throwing mushroom waste and residual mushroom body, or cultivated mushroom house close to the warehouse grain pile, easy to be damaged by saprophyte tyromites.