Biological characteristics, ecological characteristics, seedling raising and afforestation techniques of sycamore

characteristics

Chinese parasol tree (Firmiana simplex (Linn).W.F.Wight) is a plant belonging to the genus Sterculiaceae. Deciduous tree, height 15~20m, DBH 70cm. Trunk straight, bark green when young, grayish green when old, smooth. Branchlets green. Leaves nearly round, leaf blade length 30cm, leaf width 11~20cm, simple alternate, 3~5 palmate, petiole as long as leaf, base cordate, lobe apex acuminate, then smooth, petiole brown hairy. A terminal panicle, ca. 20 - 40cm long. Flowers unisexual, small, pale green. Seeds globose. The flowering period is from 3 to 4 months, and the fruiting period is from 9 to 10 months.

Wutong likes light, cold resistance is weak, like calcium, like sticky soil, deep roots, extremely resistant to water and humidity, too wet places roots easy to rot, young fast-growing.

cultivation points

Sowing seedlings seeds can be picked and sown, or stored until spring sowing the following year. Soak in wet sand or warm water for germination before spring sowing. 1000-seed weight 120~150g, germination rate 85%, seed bed prepared according to the row spacing of 25~30cm shallow ditch, in the ditch drill or dibble, seeding rate 10~15kg/667m2. Cover soil thickness is 1.5cm, and cover is gradually removed after sowing. Sand seeds germinate about 30 days after sowing, dry seeds often do not germinate, can be soaked in warm water germination. The seedling yield was 15000 ~ 20000 plants/667m2, and the seedling height was 50~ 80cm in one year.

Tillering seedling specific method is in the crown projection edge ditching root, and then fill the ditch to promote the root tiller. Strengthen fertilizer and water management. In order to protect the mother tree, too many seedlings should not be taken in a year, and the root cutting position should be changed year by year.

Afforestation method crown and root width is huge, fixed stem should not be too dense, planting density 60 trees/667m2 or so. The planting distance of street trees is 4~5m.

suitable range

There are about 15 species of Sterculia, 3 species in China. Wutong in North China, Central China, East China, South China (Hainan also has), Southwest and other places are widely cultivated.

development value

Environmental value Wutong strong resistance to a variety of toxic gases, and deep shade, deep roots, for windbreak, soil and water conservation and conservation forest species.

Economic value Wutong wood texture fine, coarse structure, suitable for musical instruments, furniture and so on. Bark is rich in fiber and can be used as raw material for paper, textiles and rope. Ye Ke Sha@#@261 @#@. The seed can be eaten and pressed, oil content 36.69%, soluble fatty acid 0.37%, protein 3.69%, crude fiber 3.69%.

Chinese parasol leaves, flowers, roots and seeds can be used as medicine. The seeds contain fat, ash, crude fiber, protein, non-nitrogen substances, caffeine, etc. Sterculic acid is separated from the oil, and can be used for treating stomachache, abdominal distension, infantile aphtha, nameless swelling poison, etc., and also for treating white hair; the leaves can be used for treating hypertension, rheumatic pain, traumatic fracture, asthma, and traumatic hemorrhage; and the flowers can be used for treating scald, tinea capitis, nameless swelling poison, edema, and dysuria. The skin contains crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, galactan, glycofurfural, octanol, lupenone, etc., and can be used for the treatment of rheumatic arthralgia and limb numbness. The root is used to treat numbness of limbs, waist and knee pain, weakness, traumatic injury, amenorrhea, irregular menstruation, menstrual abdominal pain, cough and various unknown skin swelling.

Ornamental value Wutong bark smooth, gray-green, dry green leaves Bi, beautiful crown shape, such as shade cover, hair leaves late, the earliest deciduous. There is a famous sentence:

A fallen parasol tree,

The world knows autumn.

Li Bai's poem "Cutting off the branches of Wutong and looking at Yonghu Lake with Jia Zhishe in Longxing Temple":

Cut off the green branches,

You can sit in Yong Lake and peep at it.

Rain washes autumn mountains clean,

Lin Guangdambi Zi.

Wutong crown round, leaves large shade thick, peel cracking such as petals, strange and beautiful, for urban greening excellent species.