Big leaf celery

Spuriopinella brachycarpa (Kom.) Kitagawa) alias mountain celery, false anise, Ming Ye Cai (Anshan), spider incense (Jilin), Zen Namur (Korean translation). Umbelliferae Perennial herbs. It is mainly distributed in the northeast of China and the Far East of Russia. Its tender stems and leaves are edible, green and juicy, refreshing and nutritious. It is one of the wild vegetables with excellent color, fragrance and taste. According to the determination of Institute of Applied Ecology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, every 100g sample contains vitamin A 105mg, vitamin E 45.3mg, vitamin C 65.88mg, vitamin B 222.3mg, protein 2160mg, iron 30.6mg and calcium 1280mg. Also contains a variety of amino acids and vitamins, the whole plant and seeds contain volatile oil. Wild large-leaf celery is now one of the green products exported in large quantities above 1000 tons in China.

I. Characteristics

The plant height is 50~100cm; the rhizome is short and thick, the aboveground stem is erect, simple, with ribs; the leaves are thin, usually ternate; the compound umbel is terminal, usually simple; the flowers are 5-petal, white; the black-brown double hanging fruit is nearly round; the flowering period is July ~ August, and the fruit period is August ~ September. Celeridium formosanum L. is a shade plant under forest. It grows mostly in the shade and wet place under coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and mixed forest. It likes acid decayed leaf soil with deep soil layer, rich humus and high water content but no ponding. Its cold resistance is strong and it can safely overwinter through low temperature of-30~-25℃.

II. Artificial cultivation techniques

In recent years, wild resources have been greatly reduced due to artificial plundering, and artificial cultivation has begun in many areas.

1. There are two propagation methods, seed propagation and rhizome propagation, mainly seed propagation.

(1) Rhizome propagation According to the experiment of Tonghua City Horticulture Institute, the mother roots of wild large-leaf celery are dug out and planted in the open space from the beginning of April to the middle of May every spring. Before planting, the soil will be deeply turned about 30cm, raked fine, and applied with sufficient base fertilizer (preferably decomposed farm manure), and the amount of fertilizer applied per 667m2 will be about 8000kg. Ridge planting or ridge planting is adopted, row spacing of ridge planting plants is 5cm× 30cm, and ridge planting is 5cm× 10cm.

(2) Seed propagation Every autumn from July to August, the seeds of large-leaved celery will be collected and immediately sown into the seedbed. Before sowing, the soil will be turned over and raked, and the seed bed with the width of 1m will be made. The seed will be evenly sown in the soil with the depth of 2~ 3 cm, covered with about 1 cm of fine soil and stepped on. At this time, the field water holding capacity of soil is controlled at about 60%, and then covered with straw curtain on the seedbed to keep moisture. In the spring of the following year, the small arch shed was set up in March. After the seeds germinated, they began to transplant when the seedlings grew to 5 cm and 2~3 true leaves. According to a report by the Institute of Special Products of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, seed propagation is used to cultivate seedlings of large-leaved celery. If spring sowing is carried out, it should be carried out in early April. Seeds should be stored at low temperature, and the emergence rate is above 90%.

2. Cultivation points open field or protected cultivation, artificial cultivation seedlings. According to the experiment of institute of special products of chinese academy of agricultural sciences, it is suggested that the canopy density should be about 0.6, the soil moisture and the air humidity should be high in the open field cultivation of large-leaf celery. The seedlings were transplanted and planted in the first and middle of June, 3~4 plants were planted in each hole, and the plant spacing was 5 cm ×10cm. Under normal management conditions, the yield of the next year could reach 1633~1720kg. Under the condition of protected land, spring vegetables can still be produced one season after fresh vegetables are collected and before seedlings are replanted in June. Because of its growth and development at lower temperature, it can be put on the market earlier if cultivated in protected land.

3. The main diseases and insect pests and their control are spot blight, which occurs from June to July every year. Before the disease occurs, 500~800 times of mancozeb can be sprayed for control, once every 7~10 days, 3~5 times a year. The main pests are aphids, which can be controlled by 1000 times of omethoate.

III. Harvesting and processing

1. The plants with height of more than 20cm are harvested and tender stems and leaves, impurities are removed, tied into small bundles, and kneading is avoided.

2. Processing for convenient storage, long-term preservation, can be salted or canned processing.

(1) Salting Sprinkle 1 layer of salt about 2cm thick at the bottom of the container (vat, bucket, pool), then put 1 layer of vegetables, then fill 1 layer of salt and 1 layer of vegetables in turn, put 1 layer of salt about 2cm thick on top, press stones and cover them. Every 50kg fresh vegetables with about 17kg of salt, salt is more conducive to maintaining green, generally in the salinization of 70 days after the salt water containing impurities removed, the second salinization, the same method as the first time, with a little less salt.

(2) Canning processing generally selects salted big leaf celery as raw material, through the following process flow: raw material → cleaning → desalination → re-greening → blanching → cooling → cutting → canning → vacuum sealing → sterilization → cooling → finished product.