Introduction to the Culture methods of Bamboo shoot Shell Fish in Thailand

The market price of bamboo shoot shell fish is high, the development prospect is good, many people want to raise, but do not know how to raise, the author specially writes this article for the reference of breeders, various culture methods are suitable for farmers in different regions and environmental conditions.

1. Pond culture

The pond area of breeding Thai bamboo shoot shell fish is 3 mu, usually no more than 8 mu, water depth 1.5 meters, less silt and good water source. There are 3000-3500 seedlings per mu. It is appropriate to cultivate Thai bamboo shoot shell fish for the first time.

Clear the pond and disinfect the fish before releasing the seedlings, remove miscellaneous fish, set up artificial fish nests at the bottom of the pond, use plastic pipes with a diameter of 11 cm and a length of 35 cm, and tie 9 plastic pipes into rows with two 2-meter wooden strips, depending on the culture density of about 80 rows per mu. The artificial fish nest tube should be 20 cm away from the bottom of the pond, fixed with a pile frame and tilted slightly to avoid the accumulation of soil and fish in the pipe. Artificial fish nest is an important measure to effectively expand the ecological area of culture, increase culture density and increase yield.

When the water temperature of the pond is above 22 ℃, it is easy to cultivate biological bait, fish fry can be put in. The water depth of the pond is 1 meter, and the water surface of 1 stroke 3 is separated by plastic sheet. according to the fertility of the pond bottom, 250-500 kg of fermented manure or mechanism organic fertilizer is applied on the surface of the pond 3, and 5 g / m3 of strong chlorine is used to disinfect the water body at the same time. After 5-7 days of cultivation of a large number of water fleas and other plankton, seedlings can be released. If the biological bait in the whole pond is sufficient, the rich resources of prawns do not need to be separated. The difference in water temperature between the seedling bag and the pond should not exceed 2 ℃ during seedling release.

Due to the particularity of the scale on the body surface of Thai bamboo shoot shell fry, the fry with a size of more than 3 cm is easy to scratch during transportation, and improper disinfection before stocking will reduce the survival rate, so choose and buy sterilized packaging. The size of 2-2.5 cm is suitable for direct stocking. The seedlings are concentrated on the water surface of this one stroke 3 for the first stage of breeding. In the case of adequate bait, the fry can grow to 3 cm in a week and 4-5 cm in a month. At this time, the plastic sheeting separating the pond can be removed and the fish can enter the pond for the second stage of cultivation.

Prior to this, live bait was raised on the surface of the pond in another 2 to 3. For live bait, it is best to release not less than 10,000 fish fry per mu with small size and strong fecundity. When the fish fry enter the second stage of cultivation, not less than 500000 larvae per mu can be naturally propagated under fresh water conditions, or desalinated Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry are released in batches, and shrimp fry are fed regularly and quantitatively according to @ # @ 234 fish fry standard, and fish fry feed on shrimp fry, fish fry, shrimp and small fish in the pond. The survival rate is generally more than 80%. After 3-4 months, it can grow to 10-12 cm and 20-30 grams, and transfer to adult fish culture. during the adult culture period, 50-100 silver carp can be cultured per mu, which is beneficial to the control of water quality.

When there is a shortage of live small fish and shrimp in the culture water, Thai bamboo shoot shell fish turn to artificial feed, and chilled fish meat or synthetic feed or synthetic powder feed should be put in time, with a protein content of not less than 38%, and a feeding platform should be set up when feeding. 6-8 hanging baskets per mu, about 20 cm away from the bottom of the pool, in order to adapt to the characteristics that Thai bamboo shoot shell fish do not like to swim. Put the processed block feed or chilled fish pieces in the gondola, according to the feeding situation, increase or decrease the amount of feed as appropriate, and the remaining bait can be poured into the pond to feed small fish and shrimp. Feed coefficient: feeding small miscellaneous fish is 6-8, feeding artificial synthetic feed is 2-2.5, breeding for 6-7 months can meet the commercial specifications.

The mixed culture of small fish, shrimp and Thai bamboo shoot shell fish forms a good food chain. Small fish and shrimp are not only the best bait for Thai bamboo shoot shell fish, but also effectively clean up the remaining bait and keep the water quality stable.

2. Cage culture in pond

When the Thai bamboo shoot shell fish enters the cultivation period, the large size fish are caught in the ground cage box and transferred to the cage culture set up in the same pond, which is a culture way to solve the difference of one cultivation specification and to be cultivated on the market in batches. The fish with a culture density of 10-20 pieces per square meter and causing body surface damage when caught should be treated according to the treatment of fish surface diseases.

The pond usually farmed with cages has an area of 6-8 mu and a water depth of more than 1.5 meters. In the high temperature season, the water depth of 1 meter should not exceed 32 ℃. Duckweed and water hyacinth can be put on the water surface to lower the water temperature, using running water or setting up impeller aerator to increase oxygen regularly and improve water quality.

The breeding cage materials are made of non-knot net, 30-50 g / tail, 1.5 cm and 2.5 cm for 100 g / tail and 100 g / tail respectively. The specifications of the cage can choose 3 meters × 4 meters and 4 meters × 6 meters according to the conditions. the cage uses floating materials to make the mouth of the cage 20 cm above the water surface and the bottom 20 cm from the bottom of the pond.

According to the size of the cage, 3-4 rows of artificial fish nests are placed, and 1-2 hanging baskets are set up as food platforms.

3. Cage culture with large water surface

When the natural water temperature is above 24 ℃, cage culture can be used in reservoirs, lakes and rivers with rich water resources, which is a good method with low investment, high yield and high benefit.

Select the breeding site suitable for setting cage boxes, the water quality is good, there is no industrial pollution, the water velocity is slow, the water depth is not less than 2 meters, there are fewer motor boats nearby, the transportation is convenient, and it is convenient for transportation.

Cage box specifications are many, but the most commonly used is 4 meters × 6 meters × 2.5 meters, cage materials can choose no knot net, bamboo, galvanized embossed iron mesh production, mesh according to the specifications of seedlings, can not escape, sticking fish. The use of floating materials (foam, floating bucket) to make the upper part of the cage box 40-50 cm above the water surface, the top can be sealed with a board to prevent sunlight exposure, and open two movable feeding windows of 40 cm × 50 cm at the top. Usually several cages are connected together and are located in reservoirs and lakes where people live and are easy to raise and manage. Cage culture must release healthy large-size fish fry, purchase outfield large-size fish fry, should be on-the-spot inspection, careful selection, after disinfection, temporary breeding, and then put into the box after the damage caused by transportation has recovered.

Stocking density. Put in more than 50-80 grams / fish, density 30-50 fish / square meter, in the morning or evening, put @ # @ 233 fish fish in the same cage box with the same specification, put the fish in a bucket with water into the cage box, let the fish species swim away by themselves, and never pour fish into the box. Feeding should begin on the third day after stocking, put the feed into the bait frame and sink into the water, 30 cm from the bottom of the box. Feed twice a day, increase or decrease the amount of feed according to the actual eating situation. Wash the cage around the box frequently, remove the moss and keep the water flowing smoothly, and use a water pump to suck out the garbage at the bottom of the box. The commercial specifications can be reached in 6-7 months.

4. Cement pond culture

Using the facilities of soft-shelled turtle culture with heat preservation conditions to culture Thai bamboo shoot shell fish can not only make the greenhouse benefit of soft-shelled turtle culture industry again, but also be a good way to cultivate Thai bamboo shoot shell fish in factory step by step, which is suitable for breeding in areas with low temperature in winter and spring. When the water temperature reaches 22 ℃ in May every year in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, green prawns multiply in large numbers. Bamboo shoot shell fish are cultured in ponds and transferred to greenhouses from September to October, which can meet the commercial specifications in the following year.

Artificial fish nests are not set up in the pond, micro-circulating water or regular aeration are used to increase oxygen and pollute regularly to prevent the deterioration of water quality. Use the table to feed, feed in the afternoon every day, and check and clean the table the next day.

The area of the culture pond is not less than 30 square meters, and the stocking density of more than 30-50 grams per square meter is 8-15 fish per square meter. after mastering the technical characteristics of the fish culture, the culture density can gradually realize the high-density factory production of 30-50 fish per square meter.

5. Mixed culture of shrimp and fish

Raising Thai bamboo shoot shell fish in shrimp ponds has the advantages of low investment and good benefit. Shrimp ponds should be less silt, mainly raised with shrimp, and marked with thick Thai bamboo shoot shell fish fry. Because Thai bamboo shoot shell fish has good salt tolerance, shrimp fry can be released directly when the salinity is 2 ‰-5 ‰ after 10-15 days in Penaeus vannamei or Macrobrachium rosenbergii culture ponds. 100-200 Thai bamboo shoot shell fish fry are released per mu. The main food is small shrimp fry with slow growth rate. When harvesting shrimp, Thai bamboo shoot shell fish should be disinfected in time. As Thai bamboo shoot shell fish have the habit of drilling mud, they should be carefully caught after dry ponds. Fish fry cultured for 3 months usually reach the specification of 9-10 cm and can be transferred to pond cage culture.

6. Fish and fish mixed culture

In the pond where unisexual tilapia and puffer fish are mainly cultured, there are usually more freshwater shrimp under the condition of artificial diet, which is the best bait for Thai bamboo shoot shell fish. 50-80 Thai bamboo shoot shell fish fry can be put in each mu at the same time, and a small number of artificial nests can be placed. Thailand bamboo shoot shell fish can be increased by 20-30 kg per mu at the same time.