Growth conditions and pollution-free greenhouse planting techniques of Ganoderma lucidum

Ganoderma lucidum has been regarded as a symbol of auspiciousness, precious, beauty and longevity since ancient times. It is known as "immortal grass" and "auspicious grass". Traditional Chinese medicine has long regarded it as a precious Chinese herbal medicine to nourish, strengthen and strengthen the body. At present, with the rapid development of edible mushroom industry, it is no longer difficult to carry out a large number of artificial cultivation.

1. The necessary conditions for growth and development. Ganoderma lucidum is a wood-rot fungus. In artificial cultivation, broad-leaved twigs, sawdust, cottonseed husk and corncob are used as main materials, and wheat bran, corn flour, rice bran and other auxiliary materials are added. It is a medium-high temperature, constant temperature mushroom fungus, the hyphae grow in 4mur38 ℃, the most suitable for 24Mel 28 ℃, and the fruiting body can differentiate in the range of 20Mel 30 ℃. The suitable water content of the culture medium is 60% Mel 65%, and the relative humidity of the air for fruiting body growth is 85% Mel 90%. Ganoderma lucidum mycelium likes weak acid environment, and pH5.5-6.5 is suitable, but in production, 1% muri 2% gypsum powder or lime powder is added, and the pH value of the medium is increased to 8 Mel 9. After sterilization, it will naturally drop to about 7. Ganoderma lucidum is an aerobic fungus, the growth and development of fruiting body needs strong ventilation, and the concentration of carbon dioxide has a great effect on the development of fungus cap. Light is an indispensable factor for the growth and development of the fruiting body, which can induce the formation of the fruiting body; the growth of the stalk and cap has obvious phototaxis, especially when the fruiting body is young.

From the point of view of high quality and safety, natural organic matter should be used as raw materials during cultivation, and the cultivation site should be far away from pollution sources, such as building sheds at least 50 meters apart on both sides of the road; do not add chemical fertilizers and all kinds of insecticides and pesticides.

two。 Selection of formula and preparation of bacterial stick. (1) sawdust 75%, wheat bran 20%, soybean powder 2%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, sucrose 1%, gypsum powder 1%. (2) Cotton husk 42%, sawdust 42%, wheat bran 15%, gypsum 1%. (3) 77% cottonseed hull, 10% wheat bran, 10% corn meal, 1% sugar, 1% phosphate fertilizer and 1% gypsum. (4) corncob (crushed to the size of soybeans) 50%, sawdust 35%, wheat bran 15%.

Control the water content of the culture medium 55% Mui 60% Phi 5 Mui 6.0. After the culture materials were stuffed for 2 hours, they were bagged and routinely sterilized, cooled, inoculated and put into germ management. Under suitable conditions, the mycelium can be filled with 25ml for 30 days.

3. Greenhouse planting mode and high yield management. (1) stacking two ends of Zhi Zhi mode: the Zhi shed should be ventilated and transparent, clean and hygienic, with two bags wide every 70 cm on the ground, with the bacterial bag facing outward, and stacking 5 Mill and 7 layers on top of the brick. When the surface of both ends of the sesame bag changes color, when there is a white protruding sesame bud, cut off the plastic mouth at both ends (about 2cm) to promote the growth of the sesame bud, do not open the mouth of the bag completely, so as not to cause the sesame bag to lose water. (2) Ganoderma lucidum cover mode: the soil depth of the border bed is 25mi 30cm, remove all or part of the plastic film from the sesame bag, put it vertically in the border bed, the distance between the bags is 3ml 5cm, fill the middle with humus-rich vegetable garden soil, sprinkle 2cm thick soil at the top, and sprinkle a layer of large grains of sand or pebbles. After covering the soil, spray water immediately. When there are multiple sesame buds in the sesame bag, cut off some of them with sterilized scissors. Each bag retains 2mur3 sesame buds to concentrate nutrients and grow into a fruiting body with a large and thick cover. In the suitable temperature range of Ganoderma lucidum, the temperature is appropriately lower (25Mel 26 ℃), the texture is compact, the Zhi lid develops well, the color is bright, the cover is thick, and the quality is good. During the period of going out of Zhi, the relative humidity in the shed was maintained at 85% Murray 95%. There should be enough scattered light in the shed, and the light is uniform, the light is enhanced, the cover is formed quickly, the stalk is short, the pigment deposited on the cell wall of the cover is increased, and the color of the cover is deep and shiny. During the period of Ganoderma lucidum, timely ventilation should be carried out to keep the air fresh and prevent the occurrence of deformed Ganoderma lucidum. As a substitute for cultivation, it is generally possible to adopt 2 mi 3 tides. It takes about 30 days from the formation of bacterial buds to harvest. If properly managed, 1 kg of dry material can produce 100m / 120g of dried Ganoderma lucidum.