Bridge-building insects of Ganoderma lucidum
The bridge worm of Ganoderma lucidum (scientific name to be determined) belongs to the family Lepidoptera. The insect harms the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, and the first instar larvae feed on the surface and edge of the cap, resulting in concave ponds and defects. After the 3rd instar, it can directly eat into the interior of the fruiting body and discharge a large amount of feces, which not only pollutes the mushroom body, but also causes weeds such as green mold to multiply, harms the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, reduces the yield and damages the quality.
The main results are as follows: (1) Adult with morphological characteristics: body length 12 mm, wingspan 25-28 mm, gray-black body; filiform antennae, 8 small black spots on the outer edge of the forewing, a large black spot in the middle of the leading edge, and gray-white hind wings. Egg: oblate, 0.6-0.7 mm in height and 0.4-0.5 mm in transverse diameter. Milky white at first birth and grayish green before hatching. Larvae: the mature larvae are 22-25 mm long, with black head, grayish yellow body, dark-brown tumor-like protuberances on the body surface, and yellowish-brown markings on the body segments after entering the 4th instar. Abdominal foot 2 pairs, born on the 6th abdominal segment and gluteal segment, walking in the shape of an arch bridge, like a finger. Pupa: 11-14 mm long, spindle-shaped.
(2) the occurrence regularity is the peak of insect population from July to August, which is the most serious harm to Ganoderma lucidum. According to Jiang Shicha, the bag damage rate of Ganoderma lucidum cultivated in small sheds covered with grass curtains in the field reached 13.3% in early July and 42% in early August. The damage rates of indoor and greenhouse cultivation were 6.2% and 8.5% respectively.
(3) Control method ① installs screen windows and screen doors at the ventilation port to prevent adults from flying in and laying eggs. ② chemical control: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillusthuringiensis abbreviation B.T) added 1/10000 pyrethroid compound 1000 times, the control effect on larvae reached 94.8%. Pyrethroid is 1000 times, and the control effect is 100%.
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Ganoderma lucidum tiger
The ground tiger belongs to Lepidoptera, Noctuidae. It is not only an important pest on agricultural and forestry crops, but also a common pest in the cultivation of edible fungi such as Ganoderma lucidum, Tremella fuciformis, fungus and Pleurotus ostreatus. It occurs more frequently in outdoor open field sunny bed cultivation and plastic greenhouse. The larvae feed on the hyphae of Ganoderma lucidum, inhibit the growth of hyphae, affect the formation of fruiting bodies, and decrease the yield and quality of Ganoderma lucidum. Morphological characteristics: adult body length 16-23 mm, wingspan 42-54 mm
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Cultivation techniques of Ganoderma lucidum
Ganoderma lucidum is commonly known as Ganoderma lucidum grass, ancient known as auspicious grass or fairy grass, the relevant cultivation techniques are introduced as follows: first, cultivation techniques 1, the production of cultivated species. The raw material formula is cottonseed shell 60%, miscellaneous sawdust 20%, wheat bran 20%, added sugar 1%, bean cake 2%, gypsum, lime 1.5% each, and magnesium sulfate 0.4%. When preparing, dry mix the main material and mix evenly, then dissolve sugar, lime and magnesium sulfate in water, spray it in the main material and then turn it, and inoculate when the water content is uniform (60-65%). The best strain bag is 1.
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