Ganoderma lucidum

Ganoderma lucidum valley moth scientific name HapsiterabarbataChristoph, belongs to Lepidoptera, cereal moth family. Also known as borer, larvae eat porous fungi. In recent years, damage has been found on the medium and mushroom body of Ganoderma lucidum, Armillaria mellea stick, substitute Ganoderma lucidum and Pleurotus ostreatus in Jiangsu Province.

Damage characteristics in the soil-covered Ganoderma lucidum, grain moths drill into the Ganoderma lucidum, take the contents of Ganoderma lucidum, and discharge the feces out of the surface of the Ganoderma lucidum, when it occurs seriously, the Ganoderma lucidum can eat up.

Shape feature

The adult has a length of 5ml / 7mm and a wingspan of 14mm / 20mm, with a grayish white body, light white hairs on the top of the head, filamentous antennae, yellow-brown compound eyes, surrounded by scales, and several rows of gray-white scales on the forewings, forming three yellow bands. Labial bristles are longer, dense gray-white long hairs, slightly raised.

The egg is 0.6-0.8 mm long, nearly spherical, milky white, and the surface is covered with very thin cotton silk.

The larvae are 18ml 23mm long and 1.8-2mm wide. The larvae are milky white when they hatch, and the mature larvae are bluish yellow to light green. The head is brown and black. Each side has 6 white monocular eyes and brown antennae.

Pupa 7-8 mm long, 1.9-2.1 mm wide, brown, 2-6 ventral segment back front and back, each with brown thorns, the front row is large and sparse, and the back row is small and dense. 7Mel 9 has only one row of thorns at the front of the ventral segment, a pair of brown processes at the ventral end, a pair of light brown processes on each side, one hair on the top and two pairs of smaller brown processes on the ventral side.

The occurrence regularity of Spodoptera litura occurs twice a year in Jiangsu Province. The larvae overwintered and were active in March of the following year. The adults of the second generation appeared from July to August, and the damage peak of the second generation larvae was from August to October. When the temperature dropped below 11 ℃, the larvae began to spin silk and adhere to the feces and medium to make cocoons, and when the temperature rose to 14 ℃, the larvae began to feed again. The suitable temperature for the activity of grain moth is 14-30 ℃. When the average temperature is 25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 80%, the eggs are laid in the inoculation hole or in the gaps in the bark of mushroom wood. The egg stage is 7-8 days, the larval stage is 45-48 days, the pupa stage is 17-20 days, and the adult stage is 7-9 days. The grain moth is often active at night and lurks in the shade of mushroom wood during the day, and the adults are not good at flying far away. They begin to mate 4 days after Eclosion and lay eggs after 1 Mel for 2 days. The lifespan of female moth is 7ml 9 days, and that of male moth is 6ml 8 days.

Prevention and cure method

The main results are as follows: (1) strengthen cultivation management, shorten mushroom production period, remove wastes and eliminate overwintering insect sources.

(2) artificial hunting and killing was carried out according to the habits of Spodoptera litura.

(3) when serious chemical control occurs, spray 40% omethoate 500m / 1000m 1000 times, 2.5% deltamethrin 1000m / 2000x, 20% dimethrin 1000m / 1000m 2000 times or rotenin 800-1000 times.

Commonly used agents omethoate, deltamethrin, quick kill, fish rattan essence.