Ganoderma lucidum membrane beak flat bug

The scientific name Meziramembranaceabranacea (Frab.) belongs to Hemiptera, Pentatomidae. The insect was first found in Linden Ganoderma lucidum in Baoxi Township, Longquan City in 1994. In recent years, the damage is very serious in Linden Ganoderma lucidum producing area, and the damage scope is expanding day by day, which greatly affects the yield and quality of Linden Ganoderma lucidum. Ganoderma lucidum is mainly distributed in Longquan, Zhejiang, Shaowu, Fujian, Nanning, Hainan Island, Taiwan and Japan.

The damage characteristics of the membrane beak flat bug absorbed the juice in the mycelium and primordium of Ganoderma lucidum, which affected the growth of the mycelium. After the damage of Ganoderma lucidum wood, the amount of Ganoderma lucidum decreased, the individual of Ganoderma lucidum became smaller, and deformed Ganoderma lucidum appeared; when serious, Ganoderma lucidum was inhibited and the yield and quality of Ganoderma lucidum were reduced.

Morphological characteristics

The adult body is 9-12 mm long, the anterior thoracic dorsal plate is 3.0-4.0 mm wide, and the abdomen is 3.4-4.5 mm wide. The body is flat and brown to black. The head extends forward and the apex bifurcates. The antennal process has 4 segments, the first section is thicker and the fourth section is the shortest. The first half of it is brown and densely gray ciliated. The muzzle is brown, short, extending to the posterior edge of the open beak groove. Compound eyes protruding, hemispherical. The anterior thoracic dorsal plate is close to trapezoid, there are 4 irregular protuberances in the anterior half, and the center of the posterior edge is obviously bent forward. The small shield is triangular. The base of the forewing is parallel and the wing is narrow. The front wing of the male extends over the center of the dorsal plate of the seventh ventral segment, and the female extends to the base of the segment. The lateral leaves of the seventh ventral segment of the female are angular, the posterior edge of the ninth ventral segment is flat and obtuse, and its center is slightly prominent. The central longitudinal ridge of the male is prominent, and the abdominal valve is located on the ventral side, far away from the lateral margin.

The egg is 1.8-2.0 mm long and resembles a rice grain. It is milky white, translucent and shiny at first birth, and becomes orange in the later stage with a red eye spot. The front end is slightly larger than the back end, and the egg shell surface has obvious 5-6 reticulate ridges.

The nymph is 5 years old. The 5th instar nymph is light brown and oval in shape, with its head protruding to the front. Antennae 4, each with sparse brown cilia; compound eyes red, larger; beak extending to the middle of the anterior chest and web, small scutellum rising upward, wing buds chestnut brown, extending to the back of the first ventral segment. The tumor processes on the ventral segment are arranged in 4 longitudinal rows, with different shapes and sizes, maroon color; the valves are regularly arranged between the second column outside the ventral surface; and there is a large brown protuberance in the center of the back of the fourth ventral segment. There is a small brown round spot in the center of the back of the fifth abdominal segment. The chest and abdomen are densely covered with small brownish dots.

The occurrence regularity of Ganoderma lucidum membrane beak flat bug occurs two generations a year in Zhejiang. Adults can survive the winter around and at the bottom of the Ganoderma lucidum under the soil, and can also survive the winter under the pieces of wood and bamboo close to the soil in the Ganoderma lucidum shed. The adults began to mate in late April of the following year. The peak spawning period is from late May to early June, and the adults can Eclosion both during the day and at night. At the initial stage of Eclosion, the insect body is pink and slightly red, which is basically inactive. After 4-5 hours, the insect body begins to harden, the body color becomes dark, and finally it is brown or black. It can mate many times and lay eggs within 1 day after mating, but most of them begin to lay eggs the next day. The spawning period is 6-12 days. More eggs are laid in the gaps in the wood. The peak of incubation is in the middle of June. The newly hatched nymphs clustered and attached to the adults or older nymphs and spread with the transfer of the adults, and separated from the adults after the third instar. From mid-July to early August, most nymphs began to emerge into the first generation of adults. The first generation adults lay eggs from the end of July to the first and middle of August, the second generation adults appeared from the end of September to the first and middle of October, and the adults entered the overwintering period from the end of October to the beginning of November. Adults have false death; like yin and fear light; like to live in groups, with more than 300 heads clustered together at most; flying ability is weak, and flying insects can be observed in Ganoderma lucidum shed when the weather is muggy.

Prevention and cure method

(1) according to the overwintering habits of adults, some pieces of wood or bamboo were placed around the Ganoderma lucidum shed and fields before overwintering to induce adults to survive the winter and concentrate on killing them.

(2) the discharge of new pieces of wood before the peak period of adults can enable the first batch of Ganoderma lucidum to be harvested before July and the second batch before the beginning of October to avoid insect pests.

(3) implement rotation system to avoid continuous planting and reduce insect pests.

(4) Chemical control can be poured with 1000 times of 80% dichlorvos emulsion, 2000 times of 5.7% Baishu emulsion or 1000 times of 40% phoxim emulsion and 2000 times of 5.7% Baishu emulsion, with a dosage of 75 kg / m3. Or use irrigation spray method, make use of adult and nymph have the habit of climbing out of the soil surface after meeting water, can first irrigate water, submerge soil surface for 4-5 hours, and then use spray method to kill. Covering the plastic film in time after spraying can improve the control effect.

Commonly used dichlorvos emulsion, Baishu emulsion, phoxim emulsion.