Harvest and processing of three kinds of Edible Fungi
1 normal management of Auricularia auricula for about 30 days, the ear piece has been fully developed, reaching physiological maturity, that is, to harvest. When harvesting, all the fungus on a bacterial bag should be picked at once, the roots should be cleaned up and spread out on sand nets or grass curtains to dry. If the temperature after the first harvest is still about 20 ℃, according to the first management method, the second crop is expected to be harvested.
The fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma lucidum grew white at first, then turned yellow, and became purple, brown or red after 2-3 months. When the edge of the cap no longer grows (there is no yellowish circle on the edge) and reddish brown spores grow in the real layer of the terminal under the cap, the fruiting body is mature and can be harvested. Attention should be paid to collecting spores released from fruiting bodies before harvest in order to produce spore powder. Pinch the stalk by hand during harvest, gently unscrew it, then cut off the part with culture medium at the lower end of the stalk, and dry it in time or in the sun.
3 hericium Erinaceus
3.1 harvest when the hericium Erinaceus fruiting body is covered with bristles and begins to eject spores, it should be harvested in time, too late will make the fruiting body bitter. When harvesting, cut from the handle base with a curved knife, the fungus foot should not be too long, too long is easy to infect miscellaneous bacteria, but also affect the growth of hericium Erinaceus in the second crop. But also cannot damage the fungus foot, generally leaves the fungus foot about 1 centimeter is suitable.
3.2 processing and harvesting hericium Erinaceus, which can be sold fresh, sun-dried, dried or salted for storage.
3.2.1 dry the harvested fresh hericium Erinaceus, cut off the stalk, put it on the bamboo curtain and expose it in the hot sun. After drying the section upward for a day, turn it over and dry it.
3.2.2 fresh hericium Erinaceus will be harvested by drying, air-dried for 1-2 days, and baked separately according to size. The baking temperature increases gradually from 40 ℃ to 60 ℃ until it is dried. The water content of dry products is 1013%, and it is required to keep the spines intact and store them in plastic bags in time for cooling.
3.2.3 Saline will harvest fresh hericium Erinaceus, cut off the bitter stalk, rinse with clean water, remove dust, boil in 0.1% citric acid water for 10 minutes, remove and cool in clean water. After watering, add 25% refined salt, add salt layer by layer, store in the pool or packing bucket, pour into the pool or bucket for 7 days and add enough saturated salt water (that is, 17.5 kg salt for every 50 kg of water, cool to saturated salt after boiling), and seal with 1cm thick salt.
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The prospect of planting edible fungi with mulberry stalk is promising.
The microbial experiment factory of Institute of Biology of Guangxi Academy of Sciences recently invented the technology of planting edible fungi with mulberry stalks, and carried out industrialization demonstration in the sericulture expert courtyard of Luoxi Town, Yizhou City, Guangxi. According to professionals, the mulberry stalks left behind by sericulturists after planting mulberry and sericulture every year can be used as the main raw materials for the cultivation of edible mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutipes, Lentinus edodes, jade yellow mushrooms, fungus, etc.) after processing and crushing, and the mulberry stalks per mu are used to cultivate edible mushrooms, which can increase income by more than 2000 yuan. According to the country's largest silkworm production base county (city)
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How to identify poisonous edible fungi and prevent poisoning
In summer, a large number of wild edible fungi occur, and the morphological characteristics of many poisonous fungi are similar to those of many edible fungi. At present, 40 species of poisonous edible fungi are known in China, of which 30 species are fatal and less than 20 species are common. Every year, there are accidents that die from accidental ingestion of poisonous edible fungi. The methods to identify wild edible fungi are as follows: first, wild edible fungi have strange shape, bright color, thorns and warts on the cover; most of the wild edible fungi with ring and receptacle on the stalk are poisonous; second, the smell of wild edible fungi is smelly and the taste is extremely spicy and extremely spicy.
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