Key technical points of "mushroom bursting" of edible fungi

The so-called "outbreak of mushrooms" means that during the cultivation of edible fungi, through artificial control, the ripening time of the mushroom bag is prolonged (more than 10 days), the maximum amount of biological energy is accumulated, and the mushroom is produced to form an "outbreak". The total yield is uniform at one time, and the biological efficiency can reach 160% at most. It not only shortens the time of cultivation and management, but also improves the quality and commodity value of mushroom products. in the same time as conventional cultivation, it can be cultivated in more than 3 batches continuously, and the ratio of input to output is greatly improved. especially for order mushroom base, commodity production base, it has more important practical significance. The main technical points of "mushroom outbreak" are as follows:

1. Virus-free strains were treated or virus-free strains were introduced. The bacteria that have been detoxified by scientific methods will not carry virus bacteria themselves, and in the process of detoxification, after continuous high-low temperature training, combined with the continuous transformation of the culture matrix, the resistance of the bacteria has been greatly improved, and there will be no problems such as species degradation, and the effect of increasing production is generally about 10%. Therefore, most producers choose virus-free bacteria rationally. The detoxification treatment of bacteria actually represents a development direction of bacteria.

two。 Adjust the nutritional composition and level of the base material. In production, different raw materials and formulations can be selected according to different cultivated varieties. generally speaking, we should mainly tend to supplement nutrients based on trace elements, such as cotton husks (cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus eryngii, etc.). 1 bag of three-dimensional nutrients of edible fungi can be added for every 250 kg, while 1 bag of 1 bag can be added for every 250 kg of corn core and waste cotton (cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus, Coprinus comatus, etc.). When using wheat straw (cultivated bisporus mushroom, straw mushroom, etc.) as the main material, 2 bags can be added every 250 kg; when sawdust (cultivated Lentinus edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Coprinus comatus, etc.) are used as the main material, 2 bags can be added every 250 kg. There is a problem of the ratio of production cost to output. In general, the input-output ratio of three-dimensional nutrients using edible fungi is about 1 ∶ 6.

3. Disinfection and sterilization of cultivation environment. First of all, on the basis of cleaning up the production environment, we use all kinds of diseases to disinfect and sterilize the mushroom producing place strictly. Secondly, under the current conditions, especially when the cultivation environment is bad, the base number of miscellaneous bacteria is high or the temperature is higher than 15 ℃, the bacteriostatic drugs such as mushroom disease elimination are added into the base material, and the success rate of bacteria is about 98%. In the deteriorating production environment, these measures are particularly necessary, and their effect is also very obvious.

4. Strengthen the post-ripening culture of mycelium to reserve more biological energy and have the material conditions for the outbreak of mushrooms. Once Pleurotus ostreatus and other mushrooms are finished, they can bud and produce mushrooms quickly, but when a tide of mushrooms is not good, there will be problems such as loss of water in material noodles, difficulty in mushroom production, and many diseases. The main reasons for these problems are insufficient number of mycelium and low energy reserve, that is, the post-maturity of mycelium is insufficient. Under the conditions of the same variety and the same base material, the post-ripening period was prolonged by more than 10 days, and the biological efficiency of the first tide could be increased by 30%. Therefore, we advocate that under the premise of adjusting the nutrition of the base material, we should extend the post-ripening time of mycelium as long as possible, which is generally about 15 days.

5. The stage of mushroom emergence should be combined with "foliar fertilization" to strengthen the effect of "outbreak of mushroom". Take Pleurotus ostreatus as an example, generally, when the diameter of the cap reaches 2 cm, it can be sprayed with three-dimensional nutrients (spraying type). The method is to put the three-dimensional nutrients into 25-32 ℃ warm water and spray directly on the fruiting body. The best yield can be achieved by spraying each tide mushroom 3 times, and can improve the quality of mushroom products, improve resistance, increase nutrition and taste, etc.