Propagation and cultivation of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Spring chrysanthemum, also known as yellow crystal chrysanthemum, is a biennial herbaceous flower belonging to chrysanthemum of compositae. It has strong cold resistance, early flowering, long flowering period and colorful flowers. It is very ornamental. Yellow crystal chrysanthemum suitable for open flower beds, flower cultivation, for border or color composition effect is good; can also be potted, decorate the courtyard, beautify the room, is used in early spring for viewing and environmental beautification rare fine flowers.

Propagation method: Spring chrysanthemum is propagated by sowing method, usually sowing in autumn from September to October, or spring sowing in cold northern areas. Open seedbed and seedling tray seedling commonly used loose, fertile, good drainage of sandy loam or loam and pearlite in a ratio of 4:1 mixed into culture soil. When sowing, spray 2% potassium permanganate aqueous solution through the culture soil with a fine-eyed watering can for disinfection. After there is no clear water, mix the seeds with a small amount of fine sand or culture soil evenly and spread them in the seedbed. Cover the culture soil with sieved culture soil. The thickness is appropriate to see no seeds. The seedbed and seedling tray are covered with double-layer sunshade net to keep the soil moist, and germinate and emerge in about 10 days under the condition of suitable germination temperature of 15℃ to 20℃. Remove the double-layer sunshade net after seedling completion. If the temperature is high and the light is strong, set up a small bow shed and cover a layer of sunshade net to cool down. When the weather turns cool, remove the sunshade net again. When the seedlings grow 2 to 3 true leaves, spray 50% carbendazim WP 1000 times solution to prevent diseases, and spray 0.05% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixture to the leaves 2 to 3 times a month to promote the seedlings to grow strong. When the leaves of the seedlings grow to close each other, they can be transplanted into pots or flower beds. Because the leaves of yellow crystal chrysanthemum seedlings are closely attached to the soil surface, after transplanting seedlings, the culture soil on the leaves should be showered in time, and the sunshade net should be covered to facilitate the slow seedling. After survival, the seedlings should be maintained under the condition of full light.

Cultivation and management: The seedling stage of spring chrysanthemum is in winter. In order to continue its growth and bloom early, it is best to cultivate it in plastic shed or greenhouse, and then move it outdoors or flower bed in early spring of the following year. During the growth period, strengthen fertilizer and water management, keep the culture soil moist, but avoid long-term excessive humidity, so as not to cause rotten roots and affect growth and development. 0.2% to 0.5% N, P, K (ratio 2:1:2) compound fertilizer solution is applied 2 to 3 times per month. As the seedlings grow, the concentration of fertilizer is gradually increased. Spring chrysanthemum growth period easy to form buds, in order to promote lateral branches, increase crown width, to pick buds in time. In order to make the flower stem straight and prevent lodging, 0.02% calcium nitrate aqueous solution was applied every 10 days in bud stage. Phosphorus and potash fertilizer should be supplemented in time at flowering stage, and residual flowers should be cut off at any time after flowering, which can make plants bloom more, prolong flowering stage and increase ornamental effect.

Pests and diseases: rare pests and diseases in chrysanthemum cultivation. 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times solution or 75% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times solution was used to control leaf spot and stem rot. The occurrence of aphids, leaf miners and other pests, can be used 40% omethoate EC 1000 times solution, 2.5% kung fu emulsion 500 times solution, 20% methomyl EC 2000 times solution or 5% beta-cypermethrin 1000 times solution alternate spraying, once every 10 days, continuous spraying 3 times.