Characteristics and control of canine brucellosis

Brucellosis is a kind of human-animal transmission disease caused by Brucella. The most common is that cattle, sheep and pigs are infected with the disease. People and other animals are infected by brucellosis animals and their products. Carriers and animals are the main sources of infection. Most of the dogs infected with brucellosis showed recessive symptoms, and a few infected dogs showed clinical symptoms. The main feature of this disease is inflammation of reproductive organs and fetal membrane.

The pathogenic Brucella was Gram-negative, spherical, ball-rod-shaped or short-rod-shaped, with a size of 0.5 μ m 0.7 μ m × 0.6 μ m 1.5 μ m, no movement and no spores and capsules. There are 6 species and 19 biotypes, namely: sheep, cattle, pig, sheep epididymis, sarin and dog. Dogs are susceptible to all kinds of Brucella.

Epidemic characteristics the main route of transmission of the disease is the digestive tract, which is infected by eating food, feed and drinking water contaminated by pathogens. Oral mucosa, conjunctiva, vaginal mucosa and injured skin are all the invasive portals of pathogens. The positive rate of canine brucellosis in China was 1.68% to 13.4%. The vaginal secretions, stillborn fetus and placental tissues of aborted bitches were all infected with bacteria. The semen and urine of male dogs with brucellosis are infected by mating.

Symptomatic brucellosis infection in dogs is generally recessive or only manifested as lymphadenitis, and systemic clinical symptoms can occur after 2 weeks or half a year. Some sick bitches showed symptoms of abortion at 40-50 days of pregnancy, but their body temperature was not high. The labia and vaginal mucosa are red and swollen, with light brown or grayish green secretions flowing out of the vagina. Abortion fetus has subcutaneous edema, congestion, bleeding partial tissue autolysis symptoms. Some infected bitches in early pregnancy (10-20 days after mating), the embryo died and was absorbed without abortion symptoms, endometrial inflammation, clinical manifestations of repeated infertility. Infected male dogs showed symptoms such as orchitis, epididymitis, prostatitis and dermatitis. In addition to reproductive diseases, sick dogs may also have arthritis, tenosynovitis, claudication and other symptoms.

The diagnosis was further confirmed by complement fixation test or test tube agglutination test according to the symptoms of reproductive disorders in female dogs and inflammation in the genitals of male dogs.

Treatment because Brucella parasites in cells, antibiotics are difficult to play a role in it, treatment is difficult, easy to repeat. Early administration of minocycline (25 mg / kg, twice a day for more than 3 weeks) and intramuscular injection of dihydrostreptomycin (10 mg / kg, twice a day for 1 week) or gentamicin. During the period of drug use, it is best to choose drugs according to the results of drug sensitivity test.

Precaution

1. Blood samples should be collected regularly for breeding dogs. It is found that Brucella carrying dogs should be eliminated and treated innocuously.

two。 Male breeds should be serologically tested before mating to determine whether they are healthy.

3. Kennels should be disinfected frequently, and aborted fetuses and pollutants should be treated innocuously.

4. Individual dogs should have regular health check-ups and find that dogs should be actively treated or euthanized and harmless to reduce contact with sick dogs so as not to spread the disease.