Mulching technology of wheat straw and wheat bran

Wheat straw and wheat bran mulching is to spread wheat straw or wheat bran evenly around or between rows of autumn crops to form a certain covering layer and press an appropriate amount of soil on top in order to cover and preserve soil moisture. The principles of wheat straw and wheat bran mulching should be well grasped, such as time, mulching amount, and reasonable application of chemical fertilizer.

1. Time. The more suitable mulching time is from late June to early and middle July, which is easy to press seedlings too early, and the plants of late crops are tall and difficult to operate. If there is no rain or insufficient rainfall after mulching, it will affect the straw decay and decomposition, and the effect is not good, so it should be watered in time. It can also be watered when topdressing for the first time at the end of June.

2. Amount of coverage. Generally, 100-150 kg per mu is appropriate, no more than 200 kg at most. A small amount can not play the role of water conservation, temperature regulation and weed control; if the amount is too large, the wheat straw is not easy to rot, which will affect crop growth and next crop sowing.

3. Rational application of chemical fertilizer. In the process of decomposing wheat straw and wheat bran to form humus, it is necessary to absorb a certain amount of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient elements, so for the fields covered by wheat straw and wheat bran, the application amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer not only can not be reduced, but also should be increased appropriately. Generally, the application of ammonium bicarbonate 7.5-15 kg per mu and calcium superphosphate 10-20 kg per mu.

4. in order to reduce the occurrence of diseases and ensure the quality of returning to the field, it is strictly forbidden to return diseased wheat straw and wheat bran directly to the field. At the same time, for the returned plots, pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests.