Diseases causing vomiting in pigs and their prevention and treatment

It is often seen in production that the symptoms of vomiting in pigs are sometimes considered as common gastrointestinal diseases, but we must pay attention to the fact that they may be caused by some infectious diseases. Here is a summary of the diseases that can cause vomiting in pigs.

1. Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis

Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis is a highly contagious viral infectious disease characterized by vomiting, severe diarrhea and high mortality in piglets under 2 weeks of age. Although pigs of different ages are sensitive to the virus, the mortality rate of pigs over 5 weeks of age is very low. The clinical symptoms of adult and fattening pigs are mild, showing only a few days of anorexia or diarrhea. Under normal circumstances, it can be tolerated in 7 days. Backup sows, basic sows and boars show diarrhea or anorexia but can be tolerated. If you have a history of onset, you may not show any symptoms because of resistance. A few days ago, the efficiency of commercial vaccines is not high. The disease is characterized by high mortality of newborn piglets and no practical and effective treatment. It is easy to occur in winter and early spring, especially in autumn and spring, when the weather changes suddenly. The typical symptoms of piglets were transient vomiting, yellow watery diarrhea, curd clots and foul smell in the diarrhea, high morbidity and mortality in piglets under 2 weeks old, and anorexia, diarrhea for several days, accompanied by vomiting in growing pigs. It can be tolerated without medication; sows have a small amount of elevated body temperature, no milk, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, most sows have mild symptoms and no diarrhea; the symptoms of reserve boars and sows are similar to those of growing pigs. The incubation period of the disease is short, and most pigs are infected in 18 to 72 hours, which can be used as a basis for clinical diagnosis.

Do not introduce sick breeding pigs and do a good job of disinfection. Do a good job of preventing cold and keeping warm in winter, pay special attention to preventing the invasion of thieves during the change of season and climate change, and do a good job of vaccination from October to March of the following year. You can use the infectious gastroenteritis vaccine produced by Harbin Veterinary Research Institute. Be sure to use it in accordance with the instructions. It is best to start from the sow to prevent the occurrence of the disease, the management of the implementation of all-in-all-out system.

2. Porcine epidemic diarrhea

Porcine epidemic diarrhea is an infectious disease characterized by vomiting and diarrhea caused by virus. The disease mainly occurs in spring and winter, and also occurs from time to time in summer and autumn, and big and small pigs are susceptible and endemic. Sick pigs are lethargic, anorexic, general body temperature is not high, piglets and shelf pigs have obvious symptoms, first vomiting, followed by severe diarrhea, feces as sparse as water, grayish yellow or gray and a small foam. Diseased pigs are obviously dehydrated and lose weight quickly. Some pigs can lose 25% of their weight within 24 hours. Generally, they die within 5 to 6 days. Piglets within 5 days of age or piglets weaned soon after weaning die more quickly, and pigs with more than 60 kilograms can often heal themselves. After autopsy, it was found that there was obvious catarrhal inflammation in the gastrointestinal mucosa, yellow or gray-green feces in the small intestine, relaxation and thinning of the intestinal wall and swelling of mesenteric lymph nodes. The stomach of suckling piglets is full of indigestible milk clots with exfoliated mucous membrane and ulcers in the large bend. Because the disease is caused by virus, the effect of drug treatment is not ideal, so only through symptomatic treatment and prevention of bacterial infection and improve the resistance of piglets.

3. Porcine pseudorabies

Porcine pseudorabies is an acute infectious disease of pigs caused by pseudorabies virus. The disease often shows recessive infection or upper respiratory tract catarrhal symptoms in adult pigs, while reproductive disorders occur in pregnant sows, such as abortion, stillbirth or mummified fetus, weak litter, fever, encephalomyelitis and septicemia in suckling piglets, and finally die. Suckling piglets and weaned piglets have the most serious symptoms, often with elevated body temperature, dyspnea, salivation, vomiting and dysentery, with typical neurological symptoms and a high mortality rate of 100%. Middle pigs have common constipation, the general symptoms and neurological symptoms are lighter than those of young pigs, and the fatality rate is also low. the course of the disease is generally 4ml for 8 days. Adult pigs often show recessive infection, the more common symptoms are mild fever, sneezing or coughing, rarely see neurological symptoms. Pregnant sows are mainly characterized by reproductive disorders. Abortion, stillbirth or mummified fetus and delayed delivery can be seen when sows are infected for more than 40 days. Most of the sows had no obvious clinical symptoms before and after abortion and stillbirth.

4. Rotavirus infection

Porcine rotavirus is an acute intestinal infectious disease caused by rotavirus infection in piglets, which is characterized by vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration and acid-base balance disorder. The disease mostly occurs in cold late autumn, winter and early spring, and the mode of transmission is mostly outbreaks or sporadic. Pigs of all ages can be infected with the disease, but piglets within 8 weeks of age often occur, and the infection rate can reach 90%. The digestive tract is the main route of transmission, and the feces of diseased pigs pollute feed, drinking water and various utensils, which can become the infectious factors of the disease. Sick pigs often vomit and quickly develop diarrhea, showing watery or paste, and the feces are yellowish white, gray or dark black. Dehydration often occurs 2-3 days after severe diarrhea. There is no specific treatment for the disease, and symptomatic therapy can be used to prevent dehydration and stop diarrhea and secondary infection.

5. Angiostrongylus

Porcine Angiostrongylus is a parasitic disease caused by Angiostrongylus orchii parasitic in the small intestine of pigs. The disease is the most harmful to piglets, especially 3-and 4-week-old piglets. It mainly occurs in the warm and rainy season, which is one of the causes of dysentery in piglets. Sick pigs vomit, develop enteritis and diarrhea, and then lose weight. If the larvae are infected through the skin, they often cause eczema; when they enter the lungs, they cause bronchitis, pneumonia and elevated body temperature; if they move into the heart, brain and spinal cord, they can die in an acute way, and in severe cases, they die because of extreme weakness.

6. Gastric ulcer

The occurrence, prevention and treatment of porcine gastric ulcer mainly refers to the occurrence of keratosis, erosion and necrosis of the mucous membrane of gastroesophagus, or autologous digestion, forming a round ulcer surface, or even gastric perforation. Symptoms include anorexia, abdominal discomfort, constipation or diarrhea caused by abnormal intestinal movement, and in some cases stomach bleeding and black stool. At the beginning of the disease, the stomach showed slight bleeding, showing only dyspepsia, which is often not easy to detect. When stomach perforation, accompanied by acute chronic peritonitis, can die quickly. Often sporadic, causing the death of individual pigs in a herd of pigs. The disease can occur at any age, but it is more common in pigs with rapid growth above 50kg and sows raised in monomer limit pens. The disease occurs all the year round, but it is more common in hot summer and autumn. Chronic diseased pigs show loss of appetite or lack of food, obvious pallor of body surface and visual mucosa, sometimes with blood when vomiting or vomiting, bow back or lying down, like to lie down because of weakness, and gradually lose weight. At the beginning of constipation, and then into coal tar-like stool, occult blood test was positive. The condition sometimes worsens and sometimes relieves, causing digestive disorders and abdominal pain. A few cases have symptoms of chronic peritonitis. The course of the disease ranged from 7 to 30 days. During an acute attack, sick pigs can die suddenly due to massive bleeding in the ulcer part; there are also diseased pigs who suddenly vomit blood, discharge coal tar-like blood stool, drop in body temperature, shortness of breath, abdominal pain, pallor of body surface and mucous membrane, weak physique, and eventually die of collapse before and after strong exercise, biting each other, giving birth to a sudden vomiting of blood, coal tar-like stool, body temperature drop, abdominal pain and restlessness. When peritonitis is caused by gastric perforation in sick pigs, they usually die within 1-2 days after the onset of symptoms. The principle of treatment is to eliminate pathogenic factors, neutralize gastric acid and protect gastric mucosa. Diseased pigs with mild symptoms should keep quiet and reduce stress reaction.