Several processing techniques of Ganoderma lucidum products

Ganoderma lucidum milk powder

I. Raw material formula

Fresh milk 300kg, whey powder 25.2kg, refined vegetable oil 10kg, fructose syrup (70%) 15kg, Ganoderma lucidum 8kg, vitamin A 1.2g, vitamin C 60g, vitamin E 1.2g, calcium lactate 5kg, ferrous lactate 62g, zinc gluconate 87g, lecithin 1.2kg.

II. Technological process

Whey powder, fructose syrup, vitamin C and other → dissolved → filtered → vegetable oil VA, VE fresh milk → testing → purification → standardized → deployment → pre-cooked → Ganoderma lucidum → cleaning → crushing → filtration → secondary extraction → filtration → extract and → concentration, sterilization, → concentration spray drying sieve powder, cold powder metrological packaging finished product

III. Operation points

1. Preparation of Ganoderma lucidum extract: select mature, dry, reddish-brown log Ganoderma lucidum as raw material, clean, drain water and crush into coarse particles, pass through 40 mesh sieve. Add 10 times the weight of purified water, heat the extraction tank with steam to 80-90 ℃ for 1 hour, increase the steam pressure to slightly boil, the extraction temperature is 95 103 ℃, filter with 60 mesh cloth after 1 hour, get the extract I; add 8 times weight purified water to the filter residue, carry out the second extraction under the same conditions, 2 hours later, filter the residue to get the extract Ⅱ. Combine the two filtrates, add 0.2% β-cyclodextrin by weight of the extract (increase consistency and embed bitterness), stir and mix, then feed into a vacuum concentration device for vacuum concentration, evaporate at 55 ℃ (vacuum degree 53Kpa), concentrate to lamp 3 volume, cool to room temperature and set aside. In large-scale production, in order to save energy consumption, the extract was evaporated by thin film, then cyclodextrin was added, and then concentrated in vacuum.

2. Pretreatment of fresh milk: the acidity, specific gravity, alcohol test and total bacteria count of fresh milk were determined in advance. After testing, the qualified milk removes the larger particle size impurities through the double filter, then removes the fine solid impurities by centrifugation of the milk purifier, and then carries on the standardized treatment according to its milk fat content.

3, blending: weigh whey powder, fructose syrup, calcium lactate, ferrous lactate, zinc gluconate, Vc, lecithin, etc., add appropriate amount of softened water to fully dissolve, extract concentrated liquid with Ganoderma lucidum filtered by double filter, purify milk and pump into seasoning tank; then dissolve VA and Vz in 60 ℃ hot vegetable oil, and then add to the blending tank; start the mixer to make all materials mix evenly.

4. Preheating and homogenization: the mixed emulsion is heated to 65 ℃ by a plate heat exchanger, and then sent by a centrifugal pump to a high-pressure homogenizer for secondary pressure homogenization. Grade I homogenization pressure 2025 MPA grade II homogenization pressure 3.5Mpa. After homogenization treatment, the fat ball particles in the emulsion can be further refined and uniformly dispersed, improve the emulsifying effect and improve the product quality.

5. Sterilization and concentration: after homogenization, the mixed emulsion is rapidly heated to 90 ℃ by a plate heater and kept at 2030s (seconds). It is fed into a double-effect falling film concentration device through a centrifugal milk pump for vacuum concentration. I effective evaporation temperature 68 ℃ (vacuum degree 85.3Kpa, overlooking evaporation temperature 55 ℃ (vacuum degree 53Kpa). The solids content at the end of concentration is 48% 50%).

6. Spray drying: the concentrated emulsion is sent into the spray drying tower by a high-pressure pump and dispersed into small milk droplets by the pressure spraying device, and sprayed into the dry hot air, so that most of the moisture evaporates instantly and becomes a solid milk powder. Fall to the tapered bottom of the drying tower under the action of its own gravity and quickly discharge the drying tower to ensure its fast solubility. The inlet temperature of hot air is about 150 ℃, and the exhaust temperature is 75 ℃. The waste gas is separated and recovered from the waste gas by cyclone separator or cloth bag filter, and then discharged into the atmosphere.

7. Sieve powder and cool powder: the milk powder discharged from the drying tower is screened by a vibrating screen to break the bonded lump milk powder, then cooled to room temperature with cold air about 10 ℃ after dehumidification, weighed and packed. The packing bag is required to have good sealing and light protection, and PET/AL/PE composite packing bag is generally used. The loading capacity of each bag is 400g, and the error is less than 5g.

IV. Product quality standards

1. Sensory indicators:

The color is light yellowish brown, with uniform powder, no caking and no agglomeration; completely dissolved after rehydration, no precipitation and delamination; delicate taste, pure and soft sweet taste, unique day of milk, but fragrance, no bitter taste of Ganoderma lucidum, no peculiar smell.

2. Physical and chemical indexes:

Water (%) ≤ 5.0,protein (%) 1416, carbohydrate (%) 5565, fat (%) 1821, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (mg/l00g) 100120, organic germanium (mg/100g) 58, vitamin A (1U/100g) 20002200, vitamin E (1U/100g) 1012, vitamin C (mg/100g) 4060, calcium (mg/100g) 600700, iron (mg/100g) 810, zinc (mg/100g) 68.

It is rich in nutrients and balanced in various nutrients, and is rich in Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes, nucleosides, organic germanium and other bioactive components. Therefore, Ganoderma lucidum milk powder has the physiological functions of immune function, anti-cancer ability, anti-aging, prevention of cardiovascular diseases, suitable for the middle-aged and elderly to prevent the occurrence of various diseases, and can contribute to the rehabilitation of tumor patients.

Ganoderma lucidum yoghurt

I. Raw material formula

Milk 6%, granulated sugar 6%, cyclamate 0.04%, citric acid 0.165%, Ganoderma lucidum extract 2.5% CMC0.2% PGA 0.1%, the rest is purified water.

II. Technological process

Milk, Ganoderma lucidum extract, granulated sugar, cyclamate, PGA, CMC, citric acid, lactic acid → blending → heating → homogenized → degassing → filling → sterilized → product

III. Operation points

1. Preparation of Ganoderma lucidum extract: select high-quality Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body, wash, drain, slice, add 6 times purified water according to Ganoderma lucidum dry weight, heat at 90 ℃ for 6 h, filter, take filtrate, vacuum concentrate at 50 ℃ (vacuum degree 0.095Mpa) to about the same as dried Ganoderma lucidum 0.7g/ml.

2. Blending: add the ingredients in the order of the formula and add the acid to the batching pot (acid is added at the end) to dissolve in the extract of Ganoderma lucidum, stir evenly and fix the volume.

3. Homogenization: homogenization twice at 80 ℃ (vacuum 20Mpa).

4. Degassing: 50 ℃ (vacuum 0.1Mpa) lead (Pb, mg/kg) ≤ 1.0arsenic (As, mg/kg) ≤ 0.5copper (Cu, mg/kg) ≤ 10

Fifth, product features and functional features:

The product is rich in nutrition and balanced in various nutrients, and is rich in Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, triterpenes, nucleosides, organic germanium and other bioactive components. Therefore, Ganoderma lucidum milk powder has the physiological functions of immune function, improving anti-cancer ability, delaying aging, preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, suitable for the middle-aged and elderly to prevent the occurrence of various diseases, and can contribute to the rehabilitation of tumor patients. Vacuum degassing is carried out.

5. Sterilization: the material liquid is sub-packed in the container above 80 ℃, covered and sealed, and the 20minlo is killed at 90 ℃.