Ganoderma lucidum disease: Neurospora

Neuropara is also known as Candida albicans, Alternaria alternata, and red bread mold. It belongs to the subphylum ascomycetes, ascomycetes, Chlamydia faecalis, Chlamydia faecalis. The asexual generation is semi-known subphylum, Trichospora, Trichospora, Trichosporaceae, Monilia. The main harmful species is Alternaria alternata (N.sitophilaShearetDodge).

1. The morphological characteristics are that the ascomycetes in the sexual stage are clustered or scattered on the surface or inner layer of the matrix. Mature apothecium dark brown, Pyriform or ovate, stomata papillary. There are many ascomycetes in the ascus shell, but no lateral filaments, cylindrical, with short stalks. One ascomycete generally contains 8 ascospores, and every 4 is a mating system. Ascospores are colorless and transparent in the initial stage, but change from olive to light green when they mature, with protuberances and nerve-like longitudinal ribs on the outer wall, so they are named Neurospora.

Alternaria in the asexual stage, usually mildew-like, with septate, branched, reticulate hyphae. The conidial hyphae are bifurcated, the conidiophores grow directly from the hyphae, and the conidial strings are single-celled, easy to fall off, ovate, red and orange-red.

two。 Morbidity regularity

The main results are as follows: (1) the route of transmission is transmitted by air flow and wind. The main ways of primary infection of Neurospora are unsanitary site, poor aseptic condition, incomplete sterilization, wet and loose cotton plugs and sand holes in bacterial bags. Once infected, the new conidia produced is the way of re-infection.

(2) under the occurrence condition, the viability of the strain was very strong, the conidia could withstand high temperature, the hyphae were aerobic, and could grow in 4-44 ℃, and the fastest growth was in 25-36 ℃. The culture material grows rapidly when the water content is 53%-67%, and pH3-9 can grow. The high temperature season is the period of high incidence of the bacteria.

3. The damage symptom quickly forms a fluffy mildew layer on the material surface or cotton plug, that is, the spore pile, which can pollute the whole culture room within 1-2 days, has strong vitality, can break through the plastic bag and grow outward, resulting in the failure of the whole seed production and cultivation.

4. Prevention and cure method

(1) the culture material should be fresh without caking and mildew, be exposed to the sun before use, and sterilize thoroughly to prevent the cotton plug from getting wet.

(2) the culture site, bed frame, wall, etc., were sprayed with 500 times 70% methyl topiramate solution.

(3) for mild cotton plug infection, under aseptic conditions, the bottle mouth and cotton plug are burned and sterilized by flame, and the cotton plug is stuffed with lime powder; if the cultivation bag is contaminated but the mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum is still very strong, the mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum can be dug 30-40 cm under the shade of the tree, drain the bag and cover it with moist soil, and the fungus will disappear for about half a month; if serious pollution, burn or deep burial should be removed in time to prevent conidia from spreading and infecting again.