High-yield cultivation techniques of Morchella

Morchella is the most precious and rare edible fungus in the world. It is an advanced nutritional tonic.

It contains a variety of amino acids needed by the human body, with the functions of tonifying the kidney, invigorating the yang, tonifying the brain and refreshing. It mainly treats deficiency of essence and kidney, impotence, frigidity of libido, and has therapeutic effect on dizziness, insomnia, gastrointestinal inflammation, spleen and stomach weakness, dyspepsia and so on. Morchella used to rely only on the wild and could not meet people's needs. The high-yield cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:

(1) the formula of cultivation materials:

① crop straw powder 74.5%, wheat bran 20%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, gypsum 1%, lime 0.5%, humus 3%.

② sawdust 75%, wheat bran 20%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, gypsum 1%, humus 3%

③ cotton hull 75%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, lime 1%, humus 3%. You can choose any of the above three. The ratio of material to water is 1: 1. 3, the material is mixed and fermented for 20 days, and the water content is 60%. It was filled with 17cm × 33cm polypropylene or polyethylene plastic bag and filled with 500g-600g, then sterilized under the condition of 100℃ for 8 hours, after sterilization, the bacteria could be connected. Using two-end inoculation method, the mouth of the bag was sealed and cultured under 22-25 ℃ for about 30 days, the hyphae could grow full of bags. 5-6 days after the mycelium is full, the mycelium can be cultivated.

(2) Indoor unbagged cultivation

The mushroom house can be cultivated after disinfection. First spread a piece of plastic film on each bed, and then spread 3 cm thick humus soil, flatten it and arrange the bacteria sticks that take off the plastic bags on the bed one by one, generally 1 square meter of the bed can row 17 cm × 33 cm plastic bacteria bags 40. After the discharge of bacterial sticks, gently spray water once to cover the soil 3-5 cm, and then cover the surface with 2 cm thick bamboo leaves or fallen leaves of broad-leaved trees to keep the soil moist. The fruiting body can grow after 1 month. Generally speaking, mushroom production is the best in the southern region from March 10 to April 20. At this time, the air humidity is 85% and 90%. Morchella can grow and mature 7-10 days after being unearthed, and the general color can be harvested from dark gray to light gray or brownish yellow.

(3) Outdoor unbagged cultivation

Choose the light to make the border for the woodland with one-third of the yang and seven of the shade. The bed is 1 meter wide, 15-20 cm deep and unlimited in length. After finishing the bed, spray or lightly water once, and use 10% lime water to kill pests and miscellaneous bacteria in the border. The method of removing bags and expelling bacteria sticks is the same as indoor cultivation, except that the bottom layer can not be covered with plastic film, so we should pay attention to the change of temperature in the border to prevent direct sunlight.

(4) Prevention and control of diseases and pests

Diseases and insect pests will occur in both mycelium growth and fruiting body growth, which focus on prevention and keep the site environment clean and hygienic. The site sterilization and insecticidal treatment is carried out before sowing, and insect pests occur in the later stage. Cordyceps or 10% lime water can be sprayed before the fruiting body is produced to kill pests and miscellaneous bacteria.

(5) processing

Morchella is mainly dried or dried. When drying, be careful not to break the bacterial cap and keep it intact. Can be used flue-cured tobacco room drying or drying in the sun, can not use firewood smoking, so as not to affect the quality. Keep it moisture-proof in plastic bags by grade.