Rearing method of male silkworm and big silkworm

1. New hybrid varieties of male silkworm

(1) the character of the variety. Qiuhua × Ping 30, a new autumn male silkworm variety bred by the sericulture Research Institute of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, has the advantages of strong physique, uniform sleep of all ages and easy rearing. The number of ants per gram is about 2310, and the 5th instar passes through 6 days and 18 hours. After 22 and a half days, the two-day hatching rate is 49.34%, the silk length is about 1240 meters, the cocoon shape is oval, large and uniform, the cocoon color is white, and the cocoon shell rate and silk emergence rate are high.

(2) the key points of breeding techniques: the photosensitivity of collecting ants can be earlier than that of common species. Energy-saving education should expand seats evenly in time and prevent mulberry from eating evenly. The big silkworm needs good mulberry to eat, and the mulberry is fresh and ripe. The feeding temperature of small silkworm should be on the high side, pay attention to the freshness of mulberry leaves, and strengthen ventilation during the big silkworm period. The temperature should be kept at 25-25.5 ℃, and the ventilation should be strengthened to improve the comfort rate.

II. Feeding and management of the male silkworm during the big silkworm period.

(1) picking, transportation and storage of mulberry leaves. The 4th instar of spring silkworm uses mulberry to pick three-eyed leaves, lower leaves of branches and branchlets, and the 5th instar uses mulberry to pick bud leaves or cutting leaves on new shoots. In summer, large silkworms use mulberry to pick sparse bud leaves and basal leaves of new branches, and in autumn, large silkworms use mulberry to pick basal leaves. The silkworm leaves 5-6 leaves at the top of the branch at the end of late autumn.

Mulberry leaves should be picked and transported as soon as possible, loose and fast, to prevent direct sunlight, pour them out immediately after being transported to the mulberry storage room, shake them loose and dissipate heat, and strictly prevent the mulberry leaves from getting hot and deteriorated. Mulberry storage room still requires low temperature, more humidity, less airflow, keep clean and hygienic, change shoes and disinfect with 1% available chlorine bleaching powder regularly, mulberry storage room should strengthen management, and special personnel should be responsible.

(2) to Sang. When giving mulberry to the male silkworm in the large silkworm stage, we should not only consider the full feeding of silkworm, but also consider saving mulberry to increase the amount of mulberry per unit. Feed mulberry with buds and leaves, give mulberry 3-4 times a day, and give mulberry 2-3 times a day. When male silkworms give leaves or bud leaves, first shake the mulberry leaves loose, and then spread the mulberry leaves evenly on the silkworm seat with both hands; when giving mulberry strips, place the tip parallel to the base and give it successively from one end of the silkworm seat to the other.

(3) to expand and balance the seats. In order to make the male silkworm fully fed, the silkworm seat area should be expanded in time and attention should be paid to evenly seating in the big silkworm period. Generally a male silkworm (30,000) the largest silkworm seat area is: 4-year-old 14 square meters, 5-year-old 35 square meters or so. Even seat is also carried out every time when mulberry is given, the silkworm in the dense distribution is moved to the sparse place, so that the silkworm seat is dense and uniform, and the silkworm population develops neatly.

(4) Desert removal. Male silkworms eat more mulberry during the big silkworm period, and the amount of residual mulberry and feces also increase correspondingly. In order to keep the silkworm seat clean and dry, it is necessary to remove sand frequently. In general, 4-year-old and 5-year-old removed sand once each, twice in middle, 4 times in total, and once a day after 5-year-old. The methods and matters needing attention of sand removal are the same as those of ordinary silkworm eggs.

(5) Sleeping treatment. The dormant net of the male silkworm should be appropriately late, and the best time for the dormant net is the appearance of several sleeping silkworms in each plaque. The temperature during sleep should be 0.5-1 ℃ lower than that of feeding, keep quiet and light evenly, keep dry in the early stage of sleep (the difference of dry and humidity is 3-4 ℃), and moisten properly to facilitate molting. Rate feeding time to see more than 90% of the silkworm head color is light brown as the standard, summer and autumn due to high temperature, rates can be appropriately early. Pay to eat mulberry still needs to be fresh, and the amount of mulberry should be properly controlled, according to about 80% of the amount of mulberry given at most in the elderly.

(6) breeding environment. Male silkworms, like common silkworms, are suitable to grow in lower temperature and dry environment. Generally, the optimum temperature of 4th instar silkworm is 24-25 ℃, the difference of dry and humidity is 2-3 ℃, the optimum temperature of 5th instar silkworm is 23-24 ℃, and the difference of dry humidity is 3-4 ℃. The 4th instar silkworm should be reared in low temperature below 20 ℃, and the 5th instar silkworm should be reared in high temperature above 28 ℃ for a long time.