Star of Winter Shepherd-Winter Mu 70 Rye

It was introduced from the United States in the 1970s. It is characterized by many tillers, fast growth, strong cold resistance, high yield of fresh grass and good quality. It is suitable for planting in areas east of Yinchuan and Guiyang, south of Beijing and north of Nanling.

[botanical characteristics]

Dongmu 70 rye is an annual or perennial herb of the genus Gramineae. The height of the plant is 150cm to 180cm. Stem 1-1.5 cm in diameter, 5-6 nodes, lower internodes short, not easy to lodge. The fibrous root is well developed and is about 1 meter into the ground. There are many tillers, good regeneration, soft, green, purple or brown seedlings, forming 2 rows at the seedling stage, forming a quadrangular shape, long and narrow glume protection, ciliate on the outer glume ridge and awn at the apex. The caryopsis is slender oval, reddish brown or dark brown, slightly lighter than @ # 245 seeds, and weighs about 25 grams per thousand seeds.

[biological characteristics]

Dongmu 70 rye is a temperature-loving and cold-tolerant crop with strong adaptability and growing well in both temperate and cold temperate zones. The lowest temperature of seed germination rate is 0.5 ~ 2.5 ℃, and the seedlings can emerge in 4 ~ 5 days when 20 ℃ or so. After sowing in autumn, tillering occurs rapidly with the decrease of temperature, and can grow slowly in winter. Seeds can be sowed from the end of August to December, such as sowing at the end of September and cutting at the beginning of November. When the temperature is stable at 3: 5 ℃, it begins to turn green. In the Huang-Huai region and the Yangtze River Basin, fields with sufficient water and fertilizer can harvest 50007000kg or even 10000 kg of fresh grass per mu, which is a winter variety suitable for popularization at present, such as rotation with Pennisetum americanum or intercropping with perennial forage grasses to ensure the supply of fresh grass in the coming year.

Dongmu 70 rye needs more water, but it is more tolerant to drought. It has strong resistance to waterlogging. The requirement of soil is not strict, and the clay soil and sandy loam rich in organic matter are the most suitable, and the acidic soil can also grow.

[cultivation techniques]

1. Soil preparation and fertilization: the best previous crops of rye are soybean, corn and so on. It can also be replanted in fields with good soil preparation and full fertilization, and it is also a good previous crop for many other autumn crops. Flat terrain and loose soil are required. Ploughing depth of about 20 cm, rake in time after ploughing to suppress, protect moisture, and do a good job in the field supporting projects, so that early irrigation, waterlogging can drain.

Dongmu 70 rye likes fertilizer and needs to supply sufficient nitrogen fertilizer. The growth of nitrogen fertilizer was poor, and the yield and quality decreased. Fertilization is mainly based on base fertilizer, with 1500-2000 kg of barnyard manure per mu and applied before ploughing. Topdressing is mainly fast-effective fertilizer, topdressing 10-20 kg urea at seedling stage, followed by topdressing and irrigation after cutting.

2. Sowing: sowing at the right time is the guarantee of high yield of rye in winter pasture 70. The sowing time in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River is from August to October. There are mainly corn stubble and soybean stubble in Huang-Huai-Hai area, and the sowing time is from mid-late September to mid-October. Rice stubble can also be sown, but the sowing time is too late, affecting the yield before the Spring Festival.

Dongmu 70 rye sowing is the same as wheat, which can be sowed or sowed by a seeder. The line spacing is 15cm to 20cm when it is broadcast. The sowing rate is 5-8kg, early sowing, less sowing and late sowing when the soil is fertile, and multi-sowing when the soil fertility is poor. After sowing, the soil was covered by 2cm and 3cm, and the soil moisture was preserved by suppression.

3. Field management: Dongmu 70 rye has many tillers and grows fast, which is conducive to the inhibition of weeds, so it is generally not necessary to weed. If there is not enough fertilizer and water, those with poor growth should be fertilized in time. In times of drought, water should be watered before overwintering. If aphids are found, they should be prevented and controlled in time. If waterlogging occurs, it should be drained in time.

[feed value]

Dongmu 70 rye has a high yield and is rich in nutrients, so it is an excellent forage in winter. Hay contains 13% crude protein, 3.29% crude fat, 31.36% crude fiber, 41.09% nitrogen-free extract, 7.46% crude ash powder, 0.5% calcium and 0.3% phosphorus. When the growth is more than 20 cm, it can be cut 4 times for 6 times, and the amount of fresh grass is related to sowing time and water and fertilizer conditions. Fresh grass can be directly fed to cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and other livestock, poultry, herbivorous fish like to eat, can also be silage.