Ecological rotation technique of soft-shelled turtle rice

In recent years, the turtle culture industry in China has developed rapidly. the rotation mode of turtle rice can not only grow rice without fertilization, but also improve the bottom quality of turtle pond and reduce the occurrence of turtle disease. Zhejiang Qingxi Turtle Industry Co., Ltd. began to conduct turtle-rice rotation experiment in 1999, and summed up the ecological rotation model of "raising soft-shelled turtle for 2 years and planting single-cropping rice" in practice, which has been popularized and applied in production.

I. Construction of rice and turtle ponds

The area of each pond is more than 3 mu, with a maximum of 80 mu; the soil at the bottom of the pond keeps the paddy field as it is, but not deep digging; the turtle pond is surrounded by cement brick, with a wall height of 1.2m, which can maintain the water level of 1m; the intake and drainage channels of the turtle pond are separately set, and the intake channels are built on the ridge of the brick pond, requiring that the water level is controlled by PVC bends, which can drain the pond water and require convenient drainage and irrigation.

II. Rotation pattern of soft-shelled turtle rice

Generally, after raising soft-shelled turtles for 2 or 3 years, one season of rice is planted. The young soft-shelled turtles were released in the middle of May. The size of the young soft-shelled turtles was about 180g, and the stocking density was 500g / mu ~ 1000 / mu. They were fed with soft-shelled turtle formula feed with fresh fish, caught before the end of July of the following year, and then planted late rice from the end of July to the beginning of August. In the process of feeding, in addition to clearing the pond with quicklime and other drugs for disinfection, chemical drugs such as antibiotics and chlorine preparations are not used, and Chinese herbal medicines such as Banlangen are often used in disease prevention. With regard to rice cultivation techniques, because of the fertile soil in the turtle pond, high quality varieties with low stem and lodging resistance, such as Yongyou 1 and 98Han 110, should be selected. Secondly, the cultivation techniques should be carried out around "lodging prevention" and adopt "two control and one prevention techniques", that is, fertilizer control and no fertilization during the whole growing period. The method of water control is to lay off the field early and control seedlings when 80% spikes are reached at the end of tillering, so that the rice roots are deep-rooted; dry and wet irrigation in the later stage to prevent lodging. Only pest control but not disease prevention, the planting of rice can reach the standard of pollution-free rice.

Third, some experience

1. The rotation mode of soft-shelled turtle and rice is a better ecological planting and cultivation model. Raising soft-shelled turtle fertilizer field, planting rice and absorbing fertilizer, through animal-plant rotation, not only diseases and insect pests are reduced, but also rice planting in turtle-rice rotation area does not need machine ploughing and no fertilization, only a small amount of pesticides are used to control pests.

two。 The rotation mode of soft-shelled turtle rice is combined with the mixed culture of fish and soft-shelled turtle and the rotation of soft-shelled turtle grass to form a relatively complete ecological cultivation system. According to the different fishing seasons of soft-shelled turtles, rice, corn and perennial root barley are selected to grow respectively. At the same time, the perennial root barley can be planted in turtle ponds and fed to herbivorous fish to form an ecological cultivation cycle system.

3. The soft-shelled turtle-rice rotation model has good ecological, economic and social benefits. Raising soft-shelled turtle can increase the fertility of paddy field, planting rice can improve the bottom quality of soft-shelled turtle pond, and the diseases and insect pests of soft-shelled turtle rice can be reduced after rotation, and the ecological benefit is very obvious. Raising soft-shelled turtles in paddy field can improve the economic benefit of paddy field. When planting rice in the turtle pond, there is no fertilization, less medicine is used, and the production cost is reduced, and the rice yield is increased by about 13%. The economic benefit of planting rice in the turtle pond is higher than that in the paddy field that only grows rice. The implementation of turtle-rice rotation is beneficial to stabilize grain field area, increase land fertility and unit yield, and has good ecological, economic and social benefits. Turtle-rice rotation model is worth popularizing and applying in production.