Vitamin d deficiency, calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders in geese

Vitamin D (VD) deficiency or calcium and phosphorus deficiency as well as calcium and phosphating disorders can cause osteoporosis, rickets in young geese or osteomalacia in adult geese. The disease is a nutritional bone disease, which can occur in geese of different ages. Clinically, it is often found in 3-week-old goslings. The main manifestations are growth stagnation, bone deformation, limb weakness, soft feet and paralysis. When the adult goose is sick, the number of eggs is reduced or soft-shell eggs are laid. In addition, the disease can also induce other diseases, often causing certain economic losses to the industry.

1. Pathogeny

(1) Vitamin D is a kind of fat-soluble vitamin, which can promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus. Under the condition of house feeding, especially during the period of brooding, goslings can not get sunlight and must be obtained from feed. when the content of VD in feed is insufficient or lacking, it can cause VD deficiency in geese, which affects the absorption of calcium and phosphorus and leads to the occurrence of this disease.

(2) calcium and phosphorus are important major elements in the body, which participate in the composition of bird bones and eggshells, and have many functions such as maintaining acid-base balance in body fluids, excitability of nerves and muscles, forming biofilm structure and so on. Geese have a large demand for calcium and phosphorus, once the total amount of calcium and phosphorus in the feed is out of proportion or out of proportion, it will inevitably lead to metabolic disorder. In addition, a reasonable case of calcium and phosphating is beneficial to the absorption of the body, high calcium and low phosphorus or low calcium and high phosphorus in the feed will cause metabolic disorder, the reasonable ratio of calcium to phosphorus is generally 2:1, and the laying period is 5 minutes, 6 weeks and 1 month.

(3) the proportion of minerals in the diet is unreasonable or there are other components that affect the absorption of calcium and phosphorus. There is antagonism among many bivalent metal elements, such as excessive manganese, zinc and iron in feed can inhibit the absorption of calcium; feed containing too much oxalate can also inhibit the absorption of calcium. (4) in addition, liver diseases and intestinal inflammation caused by various infectious and parasitic diseases can affect the absorption of calcium, phosphorus and VD, thus promoting the occurrence of this disease.