Technical measures for raising eggs

The chicks were transferred to the breeding house at the age of 7 weeks and began to enter the breeding stage. the success of this stage greatly determines the physique and laying performance of layers after sexual maturation, so it is necessary to cultivate high-yield reserve laying hens that meet the requirements of breeds. the key link is to grasp the feeding and management of breeding hens.

First, do a good job in disinfecting the internal and external environment of the chicken house so as to create a safer living environment for the chickens.

Many diseases in laying hens are caused by horizontal transmission, so through the disinfection of henhouse, surrounding environment and chicken body, cutting off the link of horizontal transmission of disease is an effective way to control the occurrence of disease and reduce chicken death. The specific technical measures taken are as follows: two weeks before ① enters the chicken, thoroughly clean and clean the chicken house, and then wash and disinfect it with disinfectants such as Baidu or Adivu. ② was fumigated with formalin and potassium permanganate in the proportion of 30ml and 15g, sealed for 1 to 2 days, and paid attention to improve the temperature and humidity of the chicken house to improve the effect of disinfection. ③ was sprayed with Youchujing or iodine preparation disinfectant one day before entering the chicken, and the ground was disinfected with 1%-2% caustic soda solution. After entering the chicken, ④ was disinfected once or twice a week, and disinfection drugs were used alternately to avoid the emergence of drug resistance. Disinfection was carried out 2-3 times a week during the disease-prone season. Once a day for disinfection in hot summer, it can also play a certain role in preventing heat and cooling at the same time.

2. To provide different formula feed according to the body weight and body condition of the flock, to cultivate the flock with the best body weight and body shape. In order to control the flock with the best body weight in the process of breeding, the feed formula should not be simply changed according to the change of age. The feed formula must be provided according to the growth and development characteristics, body weight and body condition of the flock. In the production of @ 230 chickens, we often encounter such flocks. Due to the frequent immunization in the breeding stage, high temperature, disease, adverse environment and other stress factors in summer, the chickens are underweight at the end of breeding. Therefore, we should take different nutritional countermeasures for different states of chickens to "correct". The specific measures taken are as follows: after the chickens are transferred to the breeding house, continue to feed the chicks, make full use of the potential of rapid weight growth before the age of 12 weeks, so that the weight of chickens can reach the standard provided by the breeding company as soon as possible, when the body weight reaches the upper limit of the standard, the chick feed will be gradually replaced with a lower nutritional concentration feed until it reaches the ideal sexually mature weight. The recommended dietary nutrition level at this stage: crude protein 18%-19%, metabolic energy 11.50-12.13 megajoules / kg. The other is the flock whose body weight is close to or reaches the standard at the end of the brooding period. the following measures can be taken to deal with such flocks: after the flock is transferred to the breeding house, after a week of recovery, when the weight reaches the upper limit of the standard, the chicks are gradually replaced with feed with lower nutritional concentration, and the weight is monitored to prevent chickens from being overweight and overweight. When there is an overweight phenomenon, do not rush to lose weight, should maintain the previous week's feed so that the body weight uniform standard, to prevent weight loss, affecting the performance of egg production in the future. The recommended dietary nutrition level at this stage: crude protein 15%-16%, metabolic energy 11.75-12.13 megajoules / kg. In recent years, due to the continuous improvement of breeds, chickens have some new characteristics, such as prematurity, miniaturization of body weight, less food intake, a series of stress factors and the contradiction between making full use of existing equipment and reducing feeding density. in large commercial laying hens, the phenomenon of overweight is rare. The author's experience is that feed restriction is no longer as important as breeding hens. As long as we pay attention to the balance of energy and protein in the diet and other nutrients are complete, we can ensure that the growing chickens have a good state of growth and development, and there will not be a flock of small fat chickens.

Third, group management to improve the evenness of the flock.

Evenness is an important production index to measure the quality of reserve flocks. Improving the evenness of raised chickens can not only reduce the number of overweight and thin chickens, avoid feed waste and reduce mortality, but also make the flocks reach the peak of egg production on time, and the peak value is high and stable, and the duration is long and more eggs are laid. It has been reported that on the basis of 70% evenness, for every 3% increase in evenness, chickens lay 4 more eggs. Therefore, to improve the evenness is one of the fundamental measures to raise mature chickens. In the breeding period, the most effective measure to improve the evenness of the flock is group management. The specific measures are as follows: random sampling according to 10% proportion to determine the evenness of the flock, and taking the standard weight of the breed as an index, the chickens are divided into three groups: overweight, suitable and underweight, eliminate sick and disabled chickens and over-emaciated chickens, and for lower-than-standard but slow-growing but still healthy chickens and small-weight chickens. Adopt the method of stimulating appetite and feeding feed with higher protein level to make it reach the maximum nutrient intake and catch up with the standard body weight as soon as possible. Feed restrictions are appropriate for overweight chickens to avoid being overweight. During the whole breeding period, weigh every two weeks, and adjust the flock in time according to the results of the test; otherwise, when approaching sexual maturity, the chickens that are too low in weight will not be difficult to remedy; and the chickens with more overweight will be strictly restricted in feeding so as not to affect the development of the reproductive system.

Fourth, light management to control the timely sexual maturity of chickens.

The control of light time and intensity is one of the main means to control the timely sexual maturity of breeding chickens. The basic principle of light is that the time and intensity of light are not increased during the breeding period, and the specific measures are to control the light intensity at 5 lux, which can not only save electricity, but also prevent the occurrence of pecking. Control of lighting time: it is relatively easy to formulate the lighting system of closed chicken sheds, because the lighting is not affected by natural seasonal changes, and the lighting time and intensity are completely controlled manually, so constant and decreasing lighting systems can be adopted. the formulation of open or semi-open chicken coop lighting system is more tedious, and the specific lighting system should be determined according to the hatching time.

In a word, in order to give full play to the genetic potential of laying hens, reflect high-level production and ensure good economic benefits, we must provide reasonable nutrition supply and feeding management procedures according to the characteristics of growth, development and physiological changes of laying hens.