Seedling raising technique of Lycium barbarum

First, land selection and soil preparation: select sandy loam with fertile soil and convenient drainage and irrigation in seedling field. Before raising seedlings, turn the soil 25-30 cm, apply sufficient basic fertilizer, make a bed 1.0-1.5 cm wide, and wait for sowing.

Second, seedling transplanting: Lycium barbarum can be propagated by seedling, cuttage, ramet, striping and other methods. Field production is mainly seed and cuttage seedlings.

1. Before sowing, the dried fruit of Chinese wolfberry is soaked in water for 1-2 days, peel and pulp are rubbed, and the seeds are rinsed in clean water. The seeds were removed and dried, then mixed with 3 portions of fine sand and germinated under the indoor condition of 20 ℃. Wait for 30% of the seeds to germinate before sowing. It is better to sow in spring, which can be transplanted and planted in the same year. The seeds are raised and sowed in multiple rows. Before sowing, you should first choose a fertile seedbed. On the seedbed that has been completed, trench the seedbed according to the row spacing of 30-40 cm. Sprinkle the seeds after budding with fine soil or sand in the ditch, covering about 1 cm of soil. After sowing, it was slightly suppressed and covered with grass to preserve moisture. Generally, seedlings emerge 7-10 days after sowing, and the covered grass is removed in time when the seedlings emerge. When the height of Lycium barbarum seedlings is 3 cm-6 cm, interseedling is carried out. When the height of the seedling is 20-30 cm, the seedling is fixed according to the plant spacing of 15 cm. Weeding and loosening soil were carried out by combining inter-seedling and fixed seedling. Keep the seedbed moist before July to facilitate seedling growth. After August, the soil moisture should be reduced to facilitate the Lignification of seedlings. Topdressing can be applied twice at seedling stage, 5 kg-10 kg urea per mu, and phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer can also be applied, depending on the seedling situation.

2. Before the sap flow in early spring, the cuttings with 1-year-old ungrown branches of 15-20 cm were selected and cut into oblique stubble at the lower end. Insert the cuttings obliquely into the seedbed according to the row spacing of 30 × 15 cm to keep the soil moist. The survival rate can reach more than 80%, and the effect of rooting powder treatment will be better. Seedling management is the same as seed breeding. Or select the Lignified branches which are more than 0.3cm thick on the excellent mother plant, cut them into small bundles of about 20cm, tie them into small bundles, stand the lower part in the basin, and then pour it into the basin and soak in ABT rooting powder solution (concentration is 5~10ppm) for 30 minutes. Before cutting, first trench on the seedbed with a row spacing of 40 cm, with a depth of 15 cm, and then put the cuttings obliquely in the trench according to the plant spacing of 6 cm to 10 cm, covering the soil and compacting. Two knots are left on the insert to reveal the ground. When the new plant grows to 3-5 cm, only one strong bud is left.

3. Transplanting is another way of raising seedlings of Chinese wolfberry. It is divided into two kinds, one is to dig a large hole according to the distance of 230 cm, 3 plants are planted in each hole, and the distance between plants in the hole is 35 cm in a triangle. The other is to dig holes at a distance of 170 cm, with 1 plant in each hole. The first planting method is suitable for areas with large wind and sand, and 1 or 2 plants are removed when they grow up. The second kind is suitable for the areas where the wind and sand is small, and the planting of a single plant is beneficial to the branch extension. It can be transplanted in spring and autumn, in early April in spring and in mid-late October in autumn. Planting should not be too deep, should open a large hole, shallow and flat, the root horizontally in the hole, covering soil 10 cm-15 cm, and then steady irrigation.

4. Cutting striping is to select a robust branch from the shrub, press a section in the soil, wait for it to grow into roots, then cut off the connection with the mother tree from the pressing place, and cultivate the striping to make it grow into seedlings.

3. Planting season:

1. Autumn and winter solar greenhouse: raising seedlings from August to September, planting from early September to mid-October, and harvesting from November to June of the following year.

2. Open field: raising seedlings in solar greenhouse from February to March, planting in early and middle April, direct cutting in mid-April, harvesting from the end of May to early June, and continued harvest in autumn if it does not blossom and bear fruit.

Fourth, planting: Lycium barbarum likes light and developed root system. In order to achieve high yield, it is necessary to choose sandy loam or loam and light saline-alkali soil with good light conditions, flat terrain, irrigation and fertile soil. Combined with the application of high-quality organic fertilizer of more than 4000 kg per mu, then raked flat to make a long bed with a width of 1.5 to 2 meters, depending on the topography. It is mostly carried out from late March to early April. During the harvest period, it is necessary to apply sufficient basic fertilizer, apply more than 3000 kg of rotten and fine organic fertilizer per mu, mix it evenly with the soil, and flatten it into a border 1.3m wide (low-lying land prone to waterlogging can be made into a high border with a width of 90cm), planted according to row spacing of 20-30cm, plant spacing of 12-20cm, 8000-15000 plants per mu, greenhouse planting should be dense, open-field planting should be sparse. Put the seedlings into the fire pit to fill and compact and water them once. The root neck of the seedling should be consistent with the height of the ground.

Fifth, field management: slow seedling after squatting seedlings for about 15 days, and ploughing and weeding 2-3 times; 7-10 days watering, often keep the soil moist. Drainage in time after rain in the open field. Topdressing fertilizer should be applied after the first harvest, 150 kg of "one special brand" active organic fertilizer per mu, combined with watering, and then every 20-30 days.