Cultivation technique of hericium Erinaceus without cotton stopper in canned bottle

Hericium Erinaceus has delicious taste, high nutritional value, good reputation of "Shanzhen", good medicinal value, good curative effect on stomach, duodenal ulcer and dyspepsia, and ideal prevention and treatment of tumor, especially digestive tract cancer. Artificial cultivation, the development prospect is considerable. Generally speaking, the cultivation methods are bottle planting, bag planting and section wood cultivation. According to the author's experience for many years, the container is easy to obtain and can be reused with low cost when cultivated in canned bottles. Using corncob as raw material and plastic film sealing instead of cotton stopper, it has the advantages of simple operation, thorough sterilization and high yield.

1. The raw material formula is corncob as the main material, the corncob with positive color and no pollution is selected and crushed with a sieve diameter of 12 cm, and the particles are the size of peanut kernels.

The formula ① corncob 83%, cornmeal 15%, superphosphate 1%, soybean meal (or soybean meal) 1%. ② corncob 83%, wheat bran 15%, gypsum 1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1%.

two。 Mix and bottle the raw materials according to the above proportion, the ratio of material to water is 1 ∶ 2, turn the pile 4 times 5 times while watering, mix well, and the pH value is natural. The water-holding capacity of corncob is poor, so it is stewed for 1 hour after mixing, which promotes the raw material to absorb water, and the excess water is drained out by itself, and the humidity is stable. The best jar is 750 ml, or 500 ml is fine. When bottled to the shoulder of the bottle, it is required to tamp, clean the mouth and body of the bottle, cover with 0.04cm polyethylene film (polypropylene film for high pressure sterilization) and put on a rubber ring (which can be cut from the inner tube of a bicycle).

3. Sterilization and atmospheric pressure sterilization, the temperature in the stove reached 100 ℃, kept for 8 hours, autoclaved sterilization of 0.12 MPA and 0.15 MPA for 2 hours, removed and cooled.

When the material temperature drops below 30 ℃, move into the aseptic box or sterile room, airtight disinfection, strict aseptic operation to receive bacteria.

4. After inoculating bacteria, the canned bottles were cultured under the environment of 25: 30 ℃. Keep the environment clean and dry, and avoid light, otherwise the hyphae will produce mushrooms too early. The bottle will be full in about 25 days.

5. After the mycelium of mushroom management grew full, the temperature dropped to 15-25 ℃, increased scattered light, enhanced ventilation, and stimulated the formation of mushroom buds. After about 5 days, the primordium was formed at the edge of the bottle mouth. Where there is a primordium 1.5 cm near the mouth of the bottle, pierce a small hole with a pointed stick with a diameter of 2 cm or cut it into a "ten" or "V" shaped opening with a razor blade. Be careful not to hurt the primordium. A few days later, the primordium protrudes from the lid membrane to form a mushroom bud. At this time, the relative humidity of the air is 85%-90%. The humidity can be adjusted by spraying and spraying water on the ground, 3-5 times a day, but not directly on the fruit body.

6. When the harvest fruiting body is mature, the color is white, the spines are about 1 cm long, covered with mushroom body surface and drooping, and can be harvested when there are a small amount of white spore bullet marks on the bottle body or cover film. Seal the hole with transparent tape after harvest, but not too strictly. After 10-15 days, the primordium was formed again, and then the mushroom was uncovered. Each bottle can produce 50 grams of hericium Erinaceus.

7. Conclusion the raw materials of ① include particles and powder. after bottling, there is a gap between the materials and a small amount of air, which can be used for mycelium growth, but can not form a dead corner in sterilization. The air sealed in the bottle mouth space is used for mycelium breathing. And there is a micro-gap between the cover film and the bottle mouth, which can be used for gas exchange slowly, and the mycelium grows well. ② replaces cotton plugs to avoid trouble and pollution in operation. The surface of ③ culture material is not exposed, which can effectively prevent the loss of water and dry shrinkage of increasing and decreasing materials.