Pollution-free cultivation of hericium Erinaceus

First, the site selection chooses the environment with good ecological environment, good water quality, no toxic and harmful gases, and no various sewage and other pollution sources around 300m, as well as the environment that meets the requirements of NY5010 pollution-free cultivation.

Second, the cultivation season is from late October of that year to early January of the following year.

Third, ingredients and bottling (bagging)

1. Cultivation material formula: ① cottonseed hull 55%, wheat bran, sawdust, rice bran 10%, corn meal 7%, cottonseed cake 5%, calcium superphosphate 2%, gypsum 1%; ② corncob dregs 55%, wheat bran, sawdust, rice bran 10%, cornmeal, cottonseed cake 7%, gypsum 1%; ③ corncob dregs 30%, cottonseed husk 25%, wheat bran, sawdust, rice bran 10%, corn meal, cottonseed cake 7%, gypsum 1%. Seasoning to 65% water content, pH5-6.

two。 Make bottle (bag) first wet the cottonseed shell with equal amount of water, then mix well with other culture materials, and fill it with 750ml strain bottle or 14cm × 27cm × 0.0045 cm polypropylene plastic cylinder bag. The material surface is pressed and flattened, and the interior is slightly loose. Loading must be completed within 6 hours.

IV. Sterilization and vaccination

1. Sterilization under high pressure (125 ℃) for 2 hours or under normal pressure (100 ℃) for 10 ℃ for 12 hours.

two。 When the temperature of the inoculation material is below 28 ℃, put the bottle (bag) material into the inoculation box or sterile room. Put an appropriate amount of disinfectant in the inoculation box or sterile room and inoculate in airtight fumigation for 0.5 hours; each bottle of bacteria is about 50 or 35 bottles.

5. Mycelium culture

1. The culture room should be regularly disinfected to make it clean, dry, ventilated and shaded.

two。 Culture method (1) bottle planting: stacked on the wall with no more than 15 bottles in height. (2) bag planting: double layers of inoculation face up.

3. The temperature of the culture and management of the bacteria room requires 22m ℃, and the air relative humidity is 65%. Grass curtains and shading nets are used to shade the light, so that the bacteria room is basically dark. Doors and windows are opened timely for ventilation to keep the air fresh. Within a week after inoculation, combined with heap inspection, the bad cultivation bottles (bags) are removed in time.

4. The culture time was 20ml for 25 days, and the hyphae extended into the material.

VI. Uncover and cover the ring

1. The mycelium of the bottle is full of mycelium. Remove the Kraft paper wrapped at the mouth of the bottle.

two。 When the mycelium of the bag is full of the fungus bag 1P2 or more, open the bag with a ring of about 5 cm in diameter and stick it close to the material surface, then stack the cultivation bag on the wall with a height of not more than 7.

7. Management of mushroom production

The mushroom room should be disinfected so as to be clean, ventilated and have scattered light; the mushroom temperature is 12 ℃; ground water spraying and space spray are used to keep the air humidity of the mushroom room at 90%, and the fruiting body growth stage is kept at about 85%; the scattered light is ensured to induce the formation of primordium; the air of the mushroom room is kept fresh, and grass curtains are hung on the doors and windows to prevent the wind from blowing directly.

VIII. Harvest

The thorn is less than 0.5ml / cm, and the suitable time for harvest is before ejecting spores. Picking method: insert the material surface from the edge of the fruit body with a cutter, cut along the material surface, remove impurities, and classify according to specifications. After harvesting, remove the impurities on the material surface, stop water and keep bacteria for 3 days, and then manage according to the requirements of mushroom production.

IX. Pest control

1. Prevention and control principle: prevention first, strict control of chemical control.

two。 Main disease prevention: the main diseases are mold (Mucor, Neurospora, Trichoderma, Aspergillus flavus) and bacterial base rot. Prevention methods: strictly check the provenance; keep the environment clean; remove diseases in time and carry out harmless treatment; prohibit the use of chemical pesticides during mushroom production.

3. Main pest control: the main pests are mushroom flies, mushroom mosquitoes, mites. Prevention and control methods: dig ditches around the site, install screen doors and windows in the mushroom room to block the harm of pests, and prohibit the use of chemical pesticides.