Technical specification for cultivation of golden leaf privet

Ligustrum lucidum is a semi-evergreen or deciduous shrub of Ligustrum lucidum of Oleaceae. With its golden color, it is widely used in urban and rural landscaping in China. In order to improve the quality of seedlings and the landscape effect of garden cultivation, the author presided over the compilation of the local standards for the cultivation of Ligustrum lucidum in Tianjin area.

1 site conditions

All kinds of sandy loam and loam with good drainage and irrigation conditions, flat and open, rich in organic matter, the pH ranges from 6.5 to 8.5, and the total salt content is less than 0.3%. In garden cultivation, the environment with good sunlight should be chosen. The quality of irrigation water is pH5.5~8.0, and the salinity shall not be greater than 2500mg/L.

2Seedling breeding

2.1 preparation of cutting bed

The seedling bed was covered with a mixed substrate with 15~20cm thickness, and the matrix volume ratio was as follows: 30% of garden soil, 60% of river sand or other neutral loose matrix, and 10% of mature organic fertilizer. Appropriate amount of water was irrigated after 0.5% potassium permanganate solution or other fungicides were sprayed on the seedbed 24 hours before cutting.

2.2 cutting period

Softwood cuttings are from June to August, and hardwood cuttings are from mid-October to early November.

2.2 cutting and rooting agent treatment of cuttings each cuttage should be 5 to 7 pairs of full buds, cut off the lower part of the cuttings with 3 to 1 pairs of leaves, the upper part of the cuttings should leave 2 pairs of leaves, the upper cut should be about 1~2cm flat from the first bud at the upper end, and the lower cut should be cut at an oblique angle of 45 °at the last bud of the cuttings. The base of cuttings was soaked in rooting hormone solution, and the treatment time was determined according to the variety and solution concentration of rooting hormone.

2.4 Cuttage

The row spacing of hardwood cuttings was 3cm × 3cm, and the row spacing of softwood cuttings was 5cm × 5cm, deep 3~5cm, and sprayed with water after cutting. A plastic arch shed must be built on the bed to keep it moist.

2.5 Post-cutting management

Softwood cutting: the humidity in the initial arch shed is more than 95%, and the temperature is 22-28 ℃. Spray water twice at intervals of 2 to 3 hours before and after noon every day to keep cuttings and substrate moist. If the temperature in the shed exceeds 28 ℃, it should be cooled in time. Seedling bed cuttings are sprayed with 50% carbendazim WP and other fungicides every 6-7 days. The techniques for use are shown in Table 1. The humidity in the shed was gradually adjusted to 70% and 80% 14 days after insertion.

Hardwood cuttings: check the moisture of the seedling bed in the shed every 10 to 15 days, and water should be watered in time for lack of water. Prevention and control of diseases after cuttings sprouting and spreading leaves, control techniques are shown in Table 1. Do a good job against cold in winter and roast seedlings with high temperature in early spring.

Seedling refining: 14-21 days after softwood cutting, when most of the cuttings take root, the seedlings should be properly ventilated every day. The ventilation time and light intensity should be gradually increased, and the plastic shed film and sunshade net should be gradually removed. Watering was controlled 10 to 15 days before transplantation. The hardwood cutting seedling bed should be ventilated 20-25 days before transplanting. Cutting seedling specification: seedling height is higher than 10cm, root system is more than 10, length 5~10cm.

2.6 Transplant

The first transplanting of hardwood cuttage was carried out at the end of April and the beginning of May of the second year, and the softwood cuttage was carried out 50-60 days after cuttage. The transplant row spacing 30cm × (20,25) cm; should be transferred for the second time, and the plant row spacing 60cm × 40cm.

2.7 Management after migration

After transplantation in that year, sufficient water must be irrigated in time, and water must be watered for the second time in 3-5 days. Water was watered for the third time in 7 days and 10 days. Timely ploughing and weeding. Moderate pruning was carried out for 3 to 5 times from May to August. The chemical control techniques of common diseases and insect pests are shown in Table 1. Thermal insulation facilities were built in early November, and frozen water was poured from late November to early December. The management of the second and third years after transplantation: pour enough green water in the middle of March and clean up the fallen leaves and sundries in the nursery in the middle and late April. In September, compound fertilizer (N ~ P ~ K 15: 15: 15) was applied, 30~40kg/667 square meters, covering soil after ditching and watering in time. Arch sheds and other cold protection facilities were built in mid-November. Other management is the same as in 5.3.

3 out of the nursery

3.1 quality of seedlings out of the nursery

Meet the requirements of CJ/T24~1999.

3.2 Seedling and packaging

During the planting season, proper amount of protective soil should be left and packed. Soil balls must be carried in non-planting season and must be packed with materials when the diameter of soil balls is less than 50cm. The diameter of soil balls must be determined according to the standard of 0.26 to 0.33 times of seedling height.

3.3 marking, transportation and quarantine of seedlings

Quarantine certificate and sign should be carried, indicating seedling name, seedling age, seedling date, quantity, plant quarantine certificate number and seedling issuing unit, etc. When loading, it should be handled gently and placed in layers. Moisturizing and sunscreen measures should be taken for seedlings during transportation.

(4) Garden cultivation

4.1 requirements for greening sites

Should meet the requirements of Chapter 1 of this article.

4.2 fixed point, release

Follow the provisions of 5.0.2 in DB29~68~2004.

4.3 excavation and fertilization of planting holes (grooves)

It shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 5.0.3 to 5.0.5 in DB29~68~2004.

4.4 planting density

The row spacing was (250.30) cm × (350.40) cm.

4.5 planting

When planting bare-root seedlings, the roots must be stretched, and the filling should be layered and solid. The depth of planting should be the same as the original rhizome soil trace line.

4.6 Management of slow seedling stage

After planting, cut off the twigs and leaves at the top of the seedling, irrigate enough water in time, water for the second time in 3-5 days and water for the third time in 7-10 days. In the hot season, cover it with a sunshade net and remove it after slowing down the seedlings. During the slow seedling period, the seedlings should be properly sprayed with water every day.

5 maintenance and management

5.1 Water and fertilizer management

30-40 days after seedling retardation, nitrogen fertilizer such as urea should be applied twice with watering, and the interval should be 25-30 days, (20-25) kg/667 square meters. The stagnant water should be eliminated in time after heavy rainfall, and the amount of water and times of watering should be reduced in autumn. In late March and early July, high-quality compound fertilizer with 45% (15-15-15) content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was applied twice, applying 30~35kg/667 square meters, and irrigated in time after ditching.

5.2 pruning

Trim the shape according to the requirements of landscape design, trimming 3 times a year.

5.3 ploughing and weeding

Timely ploughing and weeding, with a depth of 3 to 5 cm; weeds should be removed in time.

5.4 Control of diseases and insect pests

5.5 overwintering against cold

In winter, heat preservation measures must be taken to prevent the cold, and enough frozen water should be poured from late November to early December.