Cultivation techniques of Taxus mairei
Taxus, also known as yew and red cypress pine, is an ancient tree species relic in the Quaternary ice age. There are 11 species of yew in the world, and there are 5 species in China, namely, Taxus mairei, Taxus yunnanensis and Taxus mairei Xizang. The biological characteristics of Taxus have high requirements on the ecological environment. Generally, adult trees need to grow for 100 ∽ for 250 years. Taxus is a precious plant on the verge of extinction. China has listed it as a first-class rare and endangered plant, and logging is also prohibited by the United Nations. Statistics in 1996 showed that wild yew in Yunnan accounted for 55% of the country's total, of which 1.1 million survived in Lijiang. Taxus mairei in Yunnan mainly grows and distributes in the mountain areas of 2600 ∽ and 3500 meters above sea level in Lijiang, Diqing, Nujiang and Dali.
Taxol contained in Taxus has unique anticancer mechanism and high anticancer activity. It can prevent the proliferation of cancer cells and inhibit the migration of tumor cells. It is recognized as the most important anticancer active substance in the field of natural medicine. According to experts, paclitaxel is insoluble in water or alcohol, its quenching technology is very complex, the processing procedure is very strict, the direct use of yew bark or rhizome can not cure the disease.
At present, about 6.3 million people die of cancer every year in the world, and about 4 million in the United States, Europe and Japan alone. Treating these patients consumes about 1500 ∽ 2500 kg of paclitaxel per year. An American expert who studies paclitaxel said that even if all the existing yew in the world were cut down, the extracted taxol would only save the lives of 125000 cancer patients. Therefore, in order to protect the few natural resources of yew, all felling has been banned. China clearly stipulates that the felling of more than 2 yew trees (including 2 trees) has reached the filing standard of criminal cases.
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How to change temperature for seed propagation of Taxus mairei?
The method of seed propagation and variable temperature treatment of Taxus mairei is as follows: Taxus seeds have the habit of double dormancy of radicle and Hypocotyl, and the radicle needs to go through the stage of high temperature above 25 degrees Celsius for one month to break dormancy. Hypocotyl needs to be at minus 3 degrees Celsius to minus 20 degrees Celsius for about one month. In order to accelerate seed germination early, as long as the seeds with damaged seed coat are mixed with wet sand and frozen in an environment below minus 3 degrees Celsius for 25 to 40 days, the Hypocotyl dormancy can be released after sowing in late winter or early spring.
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Market prospects and cultivation techniques of Taxus chinensis?
Yew, also known as yew, also known as red cypress pine. Belongs to the shallow root plant, its main root is not obvious, the lateral root is developed. It is recognized as an endangered natural rare anticancer plant in the world. There are 11 varieties of yew in the world. We are suitable for planting Chinese yew. It is a high-priced plant with medicinal and ornamental functions. Now it is successful to raise seedlings by cloning technology, but the cultivation techniques are rarely reported, so we should focus on the control of underground pests and the prevention of root rot on the basis of conventional cultivation.
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