Rapid Seedling raising technique of Taxus mairei

Taxus, also known as yew, evergreen tree, is 25 meters high and is a rare tree species in the world. It is distributed in Yunnan, Xizang, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Hubei, Sichuan, Guangxi, Jiangxi and other provinces in China. According to the study, paclitaxel extracted from its skin, roots and leaves has a special effect on the prevention and treatment of cancer, leukemia and AIDS. Paclitaxel is more expensive than gold, so yew is known as the golden tree. It has been proved by the experiments of forestry experts that this tree can be planted in the north and south of our country, and a set of seedling methods to break seed dormancy have been explored, so that the germination rate has been increased from 10% to more than 90%, and the survival rate of cuttings has also been increased by 50%. The difficult problem of developing yew seedlings has been solved, which is introduced as follows:

First, seed breeding: 1. Seed collection: pick ripe fruit from September to October, mix appropriate amount of coarse sand and water in the basin, scrub repeatedly with hands on the washing board, rinse the skin, pulp and sand with water, and rub the seeds with the soles of shoes on the rough cement ground several times to make the seeds permeable. two。 Soaking seeds: before sowing, soak the seeds in 50 degree liquor and 40 ℃ warm water (1:1) for 20 minutes, then soak them in 500ppm gibberellin for 24 hours, which can induce the production of hydrolase and promote its germination. 3. Sowing: the germination rate of sowing within 1 week after seed collection is more than 90%, and the germination rate of sowing in the following spring is halved. Sowing in winter and emergence in the next spring. Winter sowing in the south only needs to cover grass, while arch film or flat film should be used in the north.

Second, the selection of cutting seedlings: 1-2-year-old branches, ear length about 15 cm, ear leaf pruning 2pm 3, base end dipped in 0.05% abt rooting powder or naphthalene acetic acid 1000ppm solution for 10 seconds, cutting plant row spacing 15 cm × 20 cm, depth of ear length 1x3. Summer and autumn cuttings must be built in a shade shed, rooting in about 45 days, and the seedling rate is about 80%; in spring, it takes root for more than 50 days, and the survival rate is about 65%.

Third, seedling maintenance: 1. Arch film seedling protection: if using flat film to sow seedlings densely, the Beginning of Spring should often spot check the seeds before and after seeing that the radicle is white, remove the cover, and change the flat film to arch film moisturizing and budding. After changing the arch film, the temperature and humidity should be adjusted, and the agricultural film at both ends of the shed should be opened on a sunny day to cool down, breathe, and cover flat at night. Spray water on the seedlings once every 3 to 4 days to keep the seedbed at 55 to 60% humidity. Rodents should be strictly guarded against. When the seedling has 2 leaves and 1 heart, the film should be opened to refine the seedling. two。 Sparse seedlings and sparse planting: the amount of seeds used for raising yew seedlings is generally about 5 kg per mu and produces 1.5 to 20,000 seedlings. If the seeds sown in winter are too dense, after 3 to 4 leaves and 1 heart in early spring, the seedlings should be thinned and transplanted according to the row spacing of 15 × 20 cm. 3. Weeding and topdressing: 2 to 3 times from May to July, combined with 5-10 kg of urea and 3-5 kg of potassium chloride per mu, irrigated with water or sprinkled on rainy days. The leaves can also be sprayed with 0.25% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. 4. Pest control: Yew has strong resistance to stress, few diseases and insect pests, and occasional spiders or aphids, which can be controlled by pesticides such as dichlorvos and dimethoate.

Yew seedlings for one year, the seedling height of about 40 cm can be transplanted on the pot for bonsai, or out of the nursery for afforestation, mountain areas, wasteland afforestation mu planting 200 plants.