Production characteristics and Technical Countermeasures of Spring Tea

Spring is the beginning of the annual growth of tea trees, and it is also the key season for tea to account for a large proportion of the annual output and good quality. Usually, the output of spring tea accounts for 40%-50% of the whole year, and the output value exceeds 50% of the whole year. Therefore, we must attach great importance to the production of spring tea.

After dormancy in winter, the nutrients accumulated by tea trees reached the highest value in spring, coupled with abundant Rain Water in spring, mild climate and less pests and diseases, which constitute the conditions for high yield and high quality of spring tea. Spring tea starts in April and ends in mid-and late May. It takes only more than a month to harvest 50% of the tea in the whole year. Time is tight and the task is heavy. In addition, it is the busy agricultural season at this time. If it is not properly arranged, it is easy to make the new shoots grow old and directly affect the quality of spring tea. At this time, if the management can not keep up, resulting in a lack of nutrients in tea trees, it will affect the growth and tea yield in the next season. According to the characteristics of spring tea production, the following measures can be taken in technical management.

1 timely pruning and promoting early onset

Timely and moderate pruning can promote and regulate the growth of new shoots, maintain the exuberant growth of tea trees, make the picking surface neat and consistent, and improve the efficiency of tea picking; but if the pruning is too deep, the number of new shoots will be reduced, resulting in reduced production. Too early pruning will cause frost injury of tea buds; too late will delay tea bud germination. Therefore, the spring shearing should be light rather than heavy, cut off the crown 3cm or so, cut off the thin and weak withered branches of the tea tree, and do it immediately after the end of the freezing period. For the tea trees with uneven branches, weak germination ability, declining tree potential and obvious decrease in yield, the 10~15cm can be deeply trimmed to renew and rejuvenate and cultivate a wide and flat picking surface.

(2) early application of spring fertilizer to promote the outbreak.

Fertilizer is the material basis for the growth of tea trees, and the vegetative growth of high-yield tea trees is very exuberant. The effect of base fertilizer in tea garden is slow, which can not fully meet the needs of tea bud germination and growth. In order to promote the multiple and violent occurrence of tea buds, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer must be applied once before spring tea germination to increase the nutrition of tea trees. Topdressing in mid-March, late March or earlier, applying urea 25~50kg per mu (667m2). The specific quantity is determined according to the tea yield, and the usual standard is to apply pure nitrogen 12.5kg for every 100kg dry tea produced. Before applying fertilizer, the tea garden was comprehensively ploughed and weeded once, then a deep ditch of 20cm was opened along the vertical position of the crown, and the fertilizer was sprinkled into it, and the soil was covered immediately.

(3) to mine and restrain the "flood peak" in time

In spring, when the temperature is stable at 10 ℃, all kinds of vegetative buds of tea trees begin to absorb water and nutrients, and continue to expand and germinate. due to the rapid and concentrated germination, there are many "flood peaks". In order to prevent old tea, the garden must be opened in time to pick. When 5% to 8% of the new shoots on the tea tree meet the picking standard, they will be mined to produce delicate and famous tea; when 10% to 15% of the new shoots on the tea tree meet the picking standard, they will be mined to produce large quantities of red and green tea. At the same time, in the whole process of picking spring tea, we must strictly harvest in batches, first first, then later. This can balance the growth of spring shoots, restrain or ease the "flood peak", and help to increase the yield and improve the quality of tea and adjust the labor of tea picking.