The quality of water is the premise of raising marten well.

Mink farm to ensure the quality of water is the basis of raising marten. The quality standard of water is based on the metabolism of mink and the water content of products.

1 cleanliness

The turbidity of clean drinking water is below 3, clear and transparent to the naked eye and free of impurities. If there are algae, sediment, fine matter will make the water turbid, not only increase the proportion, but also may make bacteria breed, produce toxic substances. Therefore, selective treatment measures must be used, or dregs must be boiled and filtered before they can be used.

2 there is no ignorance.

The standard water is colorless, tasteless and odorless. For example, the alkaline taste in the water indicates that there is too much salt in the water, and the bitter taste indicates that the water contains too much manganese sulfate and iron. From the color point of view: too much iron can make the water red; the high content of copper can make the water green. The sewage has the special smell of hydrogen sulfide of smelly eggs. Drinking water with peculiar smell for a long time will not only reduce the production performance of minks, but also cause poisoning and death.

3 suitable pH

Mink drinking water is best to use neutral water. The current pH standard range 1 is acidic, 14 is alkaline, and pH6~7 is neutral. In marten breeding, it is better to use neutral water. Relax a little bit, and the pH should be 6.5-8.5. More than 8.5 is partial alkali, a small amount can be neutralized by stomach acid, long-term drinking can change the metabolism of the body and cell osmotic pressure, serious alkalosis will cause marten death.

4 hardness of water

The so-called hardness refers to the high concentration of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) ions in water, which can compete with other water-soluble substances, also known as ionization and loss of balance. Under the influence of temperature, the water quality of protein solidification changes into calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. If the content exceeds 110mg/kg, it is easy to form crystals and precipitate scale to block water pipe nipples and other instruments, and will also reduce the potency of disinfectants and vaccines or make the vaccine lose its vitality. If it is limited by natural conditions, the hard water should be softened and then used to raise marten.

5 main forms of acid radical

That is, sulfate, nitrate. Excessive sulfate can cause diarrhea, the index should be below 250mg/kg, and the content of nitrate nitrogen should be below 20mg/kg. Nitrite should not exceed 4mg/kg. Nitrate in water can be transformed by microorganisms in the intestinal tract into the blood to inhibit the release of oxygen from heme, resulting in poisoning. Hydrochloric acid is mainly sodium chloride, the normal content of sodium 50mg/kg, chlorine 250mg/kg, to the standard of normal saline, too high will increase the amount of drinking water to cause diarrhea. The water treated with chlorine is somewhat alkaline, so tap water can not be used to dilute the vaccine for immunization, otherwise it will degrade the structure of the vaccine and cause immune failure.

6 Minerals

Magnesium is a laxative and the index is not more than 125mg / kg; the index of manganese is 0.05mg / kg; the index of iron is below 0.3mg/kg; and the index of copper is 1.0mg/kg. Iron exceeding 0.3mg per liter of water is dangerous, so be careful not to use iron equipment when drinking vaccines. The best titration value of zinc in drinking water is 30.F, less than 10.F is soft water, and > 60.F is hard water. The best way to solve hard water is to boil and precipitate.

7 other trace impurities and poisons

Chloride is lower than 250mg/kg, fluoride is lower than 1.0mg/kg, cyanide is lower than 0.05mg/kg, arsenic is lower than 0.05mg/kg, cadmium is lower than 0.01mg/kg, barium is lower than 1.0mg/kg, chromium is lower than 0.05mg/kg, fluorine is lower than 2.2mg/kg, lead is lower than 0.05mg/kg, selenium is lower than 0.01mg/kg, silver is lower than 0.05mg/kg.

8 microorganisms

According to the determination, the number of microorganisms in natural water is determined by the high and low temperature of the water, the common microbial Escherichia coli group shall not exceed 3 per liter, and the standard of bacteria count in drinking water shall not exceed 100 per milliliter. Affected by pollution and invisible to the naked eye eggs, microorganisms and so on should be removed.

Bacteria in the water: the so-called dirty water is mostly polluted water, which contains a large number of bacteria, especially Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus and so on. In this case, direct drinking can cause poisoning or immune failure and outbreaks of bacillary dysentery and diarrhea. Most of this kind of water comes from surface water, Rain Water and river water, and there are obvious pollution sources (such as faeces and feces from breeding plants, processing plants, etc.).

At present, the quality of natural water: fresh well water is better than natural river water, artificial tap water is better than well water, and cold boiled water is better than well water. Before using the farm, it is necessary to test the effective indicators of water and master the method of adjustment.

9 control the quality of water

The control water has disinfection water and tap water, the disinfection water is self-prepared, and the tap water is the tap water that uses human drinking water as disinfectant. Attention should be paid to the treatment or change of water when drinking vaccine or adding medicine. the time of water control before drinking vaccine directly affects the effect of vaccine immunity.

10 other factors

Refers to in addition to water, connected with water pipes, sinks, there are three kinds, that is, iron, wood, plastic, sanitary, easy-to-clean plastic is the best. There is also a particular time to drink water, of course, the more Shaanxi, the better.

11 methods of water treatment

The method to improve the turbidity of drinking water: large pool conditions of drinking water precipitation method, the use of supernatant, a small amount of water had better be boiled before use. At present, the best way to treat water is to use a strong sodium 863 processor. The method is simple. After being treated in water for 2 to 10 hours, the chemical structure and chemical composition of minerals in the water can be changed, which is beneficial to the infiltration and utilization of animal somatic cells.