Pregnancy and delivery techniques of antler deer

1. Pregnant sperm into the human egg to form a zygote called fertilization; zygote implantation in the womb is pregnancy (pregnancy). After pregnancy, the female deer stops estrus, the metabolism becomes exuberant, the appetite increases, the digestive ability increases, the weight increases, the coat color is smooth, the temperament becomes docile, the action is cautious, quiet and steady. From March to April of the following year, when the doe was fasting, no depression or depression on the left side of Xinwo could be observed except for a few who were too obese, and more than 90% of them were pregnant.

2. A series of physiological changes in which the mature fetus in the womb is delivered in vitro is called parturition.

(1) the normal birth date in the childbirth season (birth period) is generally from May to early July, and the peak birth period is from May 15 to June. At least 80% of pregnant female deer give birth. Red deer are in estrus 10-15 days earlier than sika deer, and the pregnancy period is exactly 10-1 days longer than sika deer, so their birth dates are similar. It is most advantageous for female deer to give birth in late May and early June. If the birth period is postponed to July to early August, it is in the rainy season in midsummer, once the hygiene condition is poor, the growth and development of newborn deer will be affected because of their weak resistance and high incidence.

(2) the formula for calculating the expected birth date is mainly based on the date of mating and the number of days of pregnancy. Sika deer is monthly minus 4, daily minus 13; red deer is monthly minus 4, daily plus l (northeast red deer), or daily plus 2 (Tianshan red deer). The accuracy of calculating the expected delivery date by using these simple formulas can reach about 90%.

(3) the breast enlargement is the symptom of doe parturition. The swollen period of sika deer and red deer is generally 26 ±6 days, and some of them are about 40 days. 2-7 days before delivery, they like to eat concentrate dregs, but they are reluctant to leave the trough and eat less or go on a hunger strike 2-1 days before delivery. Nice to meet the circle, in which a few does sing while they are far away. Collapse Xin and collapse buttocks. Frequent craving for buttocks, back and nipples, frequent urination, and egg white-like mucus from the vaginal mouth. Search for delivery site, stand and crawl repeatedly, discharge yellowish amniotic vesicles and settle.

Tear it steadily, individual newborn deer and hateful deer are terrified when they give birth to sheep blisters, stand against their hair, open their lacrimal fossa, stare, and eagerly turn around to shake it off.

(4) most of the normal birth of the female deer in the normal position and stage of labor are delivered in the head position, the birth canal of the two forelimbs of the fetus is exposed outside the vaginal entrance, and the head is delivered above the wrist joint of the two front bellies, and part of the caudal delivery is also normal. The normal stage of labor of female deer is 0.5-2.0 hours, the first birth is 3-4 hours, and the normal tail delivery is 6-8 hours.

(5) preparation before delivery: thoroughly clean and disinfect the birth ring; set up a deer protective fence on one side of the deer house and lay dry and clean bedding grass to create a quiet and comfortable habitat and living environment for the young deer; prepare cows, dairy sheep or cow and sheep milk (preferably colostrum); prepare all kinds of equipment, drugs, utensils and articles related to dystocia, prevention and treatment of diseases of young deer. Prepare the birth record sheet and so on.

Work during the birth period: pay attention to take care of the mother and young deer in the birth ring, cut the ear number and weigh the newborn deer in time, and carefully fill in the birth record (including the birth number, date, number, number, sex and ear number, birth weight, etc.). In case of giving birth on a rainy day or at night, or a hateful deer, the method of giving birth in a small circle can improve the survival rate of the fawn; when the litter is insufficient during the concentrated birth period, if the weather is sunny, the docile female deer can freely choose the place to give birth in the enclosure. When the litter size is very large, deer farms with conditions can concentrate on feeding before and after the delivery date and the size of breast development, and give birth in batches, so that the birth age of the young deer is about the same, so that the deer will not be robbed of milk by the older deer, which is beneficial to the synchronous development of the young deer. In case of dystocia, the female deer should be assisted in time; the hated female deer that bite the newborn deer should be set aside in time, quarantined or eliminated; when they encounter abandoned young deer and weak young deer, they should find a babysitter instead of deer, or carry out artificial breast-feeding.

3. The period of pregnancy is the period from the beginning of the fertilized egg to the normal birth of the fetus. The gestation period of sika deer was 229 ±6 days (3 days longer than that of female, and 5 days less than singleton), 243 ±6 days of northeast red deer and 224 ±7 days of Tianshan red deer. The gestation period of reindeer is 215-238 days, and that of water deer is about 250 days. Whether sika deer or red deer, the pregnancy period of artificial insemination deer is shorter than that of Benjiao deer.