Lamei, a flowering tree species in winter

Ecological habits Lamei alias Huangmei, Huangmei blossom. The genus Chimonanthus of the family Prunus. Deciduous shrubs, ca. 3 m tall, simple leaves opposite, leaf blade elliptic-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, apex acuminate, base rounded or cuneate, 7 ~ 15 cm long, entire, surface rough; bisexual flowers, solitary in axils of annual branches, pedicels very short, yellow, waxy, fragrant, 12-March flowering. The cultivated varieties are Prunus mume, diesel heart plum, dog rope wax plum. Lamei originated in central China, sexual like sunshine, but also slightly shade-resistant, more cold-resistant, drought-resistant, there is a "drought immortal Lamei" said. The requirement of soil quality is not strict, but light loam with good drainage is suitable. Propagation and cultivation 1. The methods of sowing, plant division, striping, grafting and so on are commonly used in the propagation of Chinese plum. Sowing is mainly used for the reproduction of rootstocks and the breeding of new varieties. However, in recent years, the seedlings of Chimonanthus mume are also directly used in garden planting. From June to July, it can be harvested when the achene shell changes from green to yellow and the internal seeds are brown and black. The seeds were taken out, dried and stored, and then sowed in the seedbed in late March of the following year. The one-year-old seedlings are about 20 cm high and can blossom in the year of culture. In recent years, most of them are sown after seed collection in summer, new seeds emerge quickly, and should be covered with anti-freezing in winter. The seeds should be soaked in wet water for 24 hours before sowing. Ramets are carried out after falling leaves in autumn to before sprouting in spring. The plums are dug out, mixed with roots and soil, and separated into several small plants with a sharp knife or branch shears. Each small plant should have 2 main branches, which should be cut short by 10 cm, and then planted. In autumn, apply thin fertilizer once and blossom in more or less years. The method of ramet propagation is simple, but the disadvantage is that the reproduction coefficient is low. The strips can be divided into ordinary strips, heap strips and air strips, etc., in May-June plum rain season, using chaff ash as the medium, air striping, and timely pot or ground planting, it can blossom in the same year. Grafting is the main propagation method of Chimonanthus mume, and the rootstock uses Chimonanthus frutescens or seedlings with poor varieties. There are three methods: cutting, which is suitable to be carried out when the leaf buds begin to sprout in spring, and it is difficult to survive if it is too early or too late. The best period is only about 1 week, and the highest survival rate can reach 80%, 90%. Depending on the connection, it can be carried out in spring, summer and autumn, with the best effect from May to June. Abdominal grafting, select 1-2-year-old seedlings with a root diameter of 0.5 cm to 0.8 cm as rootstock, cut an oblique knife at 3 cm from the ground, reaching the xylem, and then cut the pre-prepared semi-lignified 1-year-old variety scion with 3 pairs of buds, cut one knife on each side of the base, one long (2 color 3 cm) and one short, insert the long side into the rootstock incision, aim at the cambium, and tie it with plastic belt. Then a rectangular plastic film of 10 cm by 15 cm was used to form a tube around the interface, tied up and down, and the wound healed for 25 days. The plastic film tube was removed, the anvil was cut at 1 cm above the interface, and the binding was removed after the new branches spread leaves. The new shoots are extirpated once every 5ml / 7cm in length. Stop fertilization and irrigation in September. A flowering plant with a height of 50 cm and 4 branches can be formed in that year. two。 The cultivation and transplanting of preserved plum should be carried out after falling leaves in autumn and winter to before sprouting in spring. When transplanting, the big seedling should take the dirt, but the small seedling should not take the soil ball, but the root exposure time should not be too long. The planting depth is the same as that in the same place. When the soil is too alkaline, it is necessary to use guest soil, or improve it to neutral soil, and preserved plums should be planted in shelter or wind-proof facilities. Trim according to the shape of the crown. Lamei has two kinds of crown shapes, namely, the tufted type of seedlings and the single-stem type of grafted seedlings, the former has more branches and flowers, poor ventilation and light transmission, disorderly feeling, and proper branch thinning and shaping, while the latter has less flowering, good ventilation and light transmission, and beautiful posture, while attention should be paid to keep the original characteristics of the crown when pruning. Fertilize once a year, after anthesis. The plum with full buds can be selected after October, dug out with soil dunes, planted in the basin and maintained under the shade shed. When it is equivalent to civilization, move into the indoor to watch. There are fewer diseases and insect pests in dried plum. Appreciate the beauty and fragrance of dried plum, which is gorgeous in the cold. Lamei in the cold month and early spring, proud frost to fight cold, blossom and spit incense, for the winter landscape important flowers and trees. Gardens can be planted in teahouses, near restaurants, or in groups on hillsides and watersides. Scattered planting is suitable for bridgeheads and pavilions. And pine, bamboo and other evergreen plants configuration can better reflect the winter scenery. If it is mixed with red plum, it will be good yellow, tender red and reflect each other. The courtyard can be planted at the entrance of the building, south to the window, in the atrium. The lifespan of dried plum can be up to a hundred years, and the older it is, the more precious it is. The plum blossom has not withered for a long time, and the flower branch is the best material for cut flowers, which can be inserted indoors during the Spring Festival.