Discussion on the method of severing tail in Dogs

Tail amputation in dogs has been widely used in clinic in recent years. The order of amputated tail is different. Some dogs have tail amputation due to gangrenous injury of the tail, which is difficult to cure with conservative therapy; some dogs have tail amputation due to ornamental needs; some dog owners do not like the white hair on the tip of the tail and the curl of the tail; some dog breeds have the habit of severing the tail. For example, the Weibo dog in Luocun is required to keep 1 and 2 caudal vertebrae to prolong the dog's back; some dogs suffer from self-biting disease and need to be amputated in order to cure the stubborn disease.

1 the method of tail amputation

1.1 Baoding and Anesthesia

There are large nerves and blood vessels in the tail of dogs, so local infiltration anesthesia should be performed in the operation before tail amputation, and general anesthesia should be performed on large and ferocious dogs. 2% Jingsong Ling is commonly used in general anesthesia, according to 0.1~0.2mL per kg body weight, or 846 compound anesthetic, subcutaneously or intramuscularly injected with 0.01mL per kg body weight. Procaine hydrochloride is commonly used for local anesthesia, and the dose is randomly determined according to the size of the dog. The anesthetized dog can tie up its limbs, press its head and neck with a plank to make Baoding lie on its side, or make it stand on the grille above the Baoding cage (limbs drooping).

1.2 Local shearing, shaving and disinfection

Determine the location of the severed tail according to the requirements of the animal owner or the location of the lesion. For surgical shaving, first disinfect the hair with 2% iodine tincture, then deiodize it with medical alcohol; finally, temporarily ligation and stop the bleeding with a fine rubber tube or rubber band at the root of the dog's tail, and then loosen after the suture is over.

1.3 broken tail

In the last section, the head side of the reserved caudal vertebra was ligated with a rubber band, and then a circular incision of the caudal skin was made at the upper part of the caudal side (or the lower part of the skin). The 3.5~4cm of the dorsal or ventral 1ram 3 flap was dissociated and trimmed into a circular arc so that the broken end could be wrapped by the skin and looked beautiful after suture. Then 0.5cm from the upper and lower end of the incision was ligated with sterilized sutures under the peeled skin (as close to the head as possible), the central caudal vein, lateral veins, arteries, ventral caudal arteries and caudal veins. Generally speaking, there are more vascular bleeding on both sides and ventral side, and should be separated and ligated if conditions permit. Then, cut open the ligaments, muscles and other tissues reserved in the last section of the caudal vertebra and the next to remove the caudal space until they are all severed. Finally, continuous suture can cover the reserved skin of the broken end, disinfect it with 5% iodine tincture, wrap it with clean gauze soaked with adrenal gland, and remove the ligated rubber band. If the dog's tail is disconnected and cannot be ligated, it can be cauterized with an electric iron to stop the bleeding.

1.4 making and bandaging of bandages

If the tail left after the broken tail is relatively long, the dog is very painful after the first broken tail, and there is itching pain when the wound heals, and the dog will always bite the tail with its mouth, so the broken tail is prone to infection, thread breaking, suppuration, corruption, and even carrion falling off. When the general bandaging method is difficult to solve this problem, we can trial-produce "bamboo tube bandage", that is, using a section of bamboo without nodes, its diameter is larger than the diameter of the dog's tail, and its length is slightly longer than the dog's tail after the amputation. Drill two pairs of holes in one end of the bamboo tube and pierce the string into it. Put the postoperative dog's tail into the bamboo tube, and the bamboo tube string is at the base of the dog's tail. The rope goes around the hips, groin and perineum to secure and protect the tail. The dog's tail cannot be bent and swung freely, the dog's mouth cannot reach the dog's tail, and the surgical site of the dog's tail will not be infected by rubbing on any other object.

2 postoperative nursing

2.1 disinfect the department with 2% iodine tincture daily. To prevent tetanus, refined tetanus antitoxin can be injected intramuscularly. The subcutaneous ligation line was removed 3 days after operation.

2.2 strengthen feeding management. There should be special care within 1 week after operation to prevent ligation and inflammation caused by feces and dirt.

3 summary and discussion

3.1 the tail severing method introduced in this paper is simple and easy, with less bleeding and quick healing, can be removed in 2 to 3 days, and is not easy to be infected. Some of the folk directly cut hair and ligate the tail to make the tail fall off naturally, although it does not bleed, but after ligation, the dog is swollen, the dog has severe pain, it is easy to suppurate and infect, and the process is long, and the healing is not good; some directly cut hair at the broken tail, disinfection and ligation are cut off or not ligated and then cauterized to stop bleeding, although the operation is simple, but it is easy to be infected, and the healing is slow. Practice has proved that this method is suitable for all kinds of dog tail amputation under different conditions.

3.2 if the dog breed has the habit of amputation or the need for cosmetic surgery, the operation should be performed at about 30 days old. At this time, the puppy has strong resistance and sufficient breast milk, and the tail amputation stimulation has little effect on the puppy, and it heals quickly. The dog is small and easy to protect. It is best to feed the puppies alone to prevent infection caused by crowding, fighting and so on.

3.3 the key to successful tail amputation is to reduce bleeding and prevent infection.