Identification and comprehensive control of swine dysentery and diarrhea

Dysentery and diarrhea are more common in pigs, especially in farms with a scale of 227. In some pig farms, the harm of pig dysentery and diarrhea is more serious, especially piglet dysentery and diarrhea have become the key factors restricting the breeding rate of piglets. It is of great significance to improve the clinical differential ability of swine dysentery and diarrhea and to take timely prevention and control measures for grass-roots animal disease prevention and control workers and large-scale farms (households).

1 difference and classification of dysentery and diarrhea

Dysentery and diarrhea are clinical symptoms, usually referred to as diarrhea, diarrhea, feces do not contain sticky substances, do not necessarily show abdominal pain symptoms. Dysentery is often accompanied by abdominal pain and contains sticky substances in feces. Clinical diarrhea can be divided into general diarrhea and viral diarrhea; dysentery is generally divided into red dysentery, yellow dysentery and white dysentery.

2 Clinical characteristics of porcine dysentery and diarrhea

Dysentery in pigs is mainly seen in young pigs, including red, yellow and white dysentery, as well as paratyphoid fever in piglets. Diarrhea in pigs can be seen in pigs of all ages, including gastroenteritis caused by classical swine fever and sudden drop in temperature, feed changes, infectious gastroenteritis caused by toxic diseases, coronavirus, rotavirus and piglet diarrhea caused by pseudorabies dogs. Intermittent diarrhea caused by atypical classical swine fever.

Piglet red dysentery is enterotoxemia caused by Clostridium perfringens, including Clostridium welchii type C and Clostridium perfringens type C. Clinically, it was seen in 2-day-old piglets, with red sticky feces, intestinal necrosis and high fever as the main symptoms, short course of disease and high mortality.

Yellow dysentery is caused by Escherichia coli and is clinically seen in acute, highly fatal diseases of 3-5-day-old piglets, characterized by yellow sticky feces. The ability of transmission of the disease through feces is very strong, and piglets in the same litter can spread the disease as long as they come into contact with the feces of diseased pigs.

White dysentery was seen in piglets over 5 days old, mostly at the age of 20-30 days, and showed a trend towards younger age recently. The pathogen is Escherichia coli, which is commonly seen in pigs with poor thermal insulation conditions in the delivery room, and piglets suffer from low temperature stress for a long time, so it is also called conditional disease. Clinical see pull white, gray-white, yellow-white with fishy smell and mixed with bubbles of sticky feces, fear of cold, thirst, reduce or refuse to eat. If the treatment is not timely, the mortality rate is also higher.

Paratyphoid fever of piglets is mainly seen in 2-4-month-old piglets, over 30-day-old pigs, 6-month-old pigs, and rare pigs over 60 kg. The pathogen of the disease is Salmonella. Clinical features: grayish or grayish white foul-smelling thin feces, dung was dark red after 2-3 days, slightly hot or not feverish; progressive emaciation, died of failure after 2-3 weeks. The mortality rate is 20% to 30%. Most cured pigs become stiff pigs.

There are many causes of diarrhea, but diarrhea caused by stress factors such as temperature drop, parasitic diseases, poisoning, sudden change of feed and other stress factors are often accompanied with dyspepsia, which can be quickly controlled after administration of antidiarrheal drugs and removing stress factors. However, antidiarrheal drugs are not effective in diarrhea caused by classical swine fever, pseudorabies, coronavirus and rotavirus. Stress diarrhea is mainly characterized by dyspepsia, with many indigestible surimi mixed in thin stool, and diarrhea and constipation in atypical swine fever occur alternately. Diarrhea caused by viral gastroenteritis is mainly characterized by watery diarrhea, mostly occurring in 7-20-day-old piglets, refusing to eat, hydrophilic, the course of disease is 5-7 days, the mortality rate is 40%-70%, and the dead piglets are characterized by pallor anemia and strong infectivity. often 2 or 3 days after the onset of a piglet, all piglets in the same litter were infected, and a large number of piglets in the same house and not in the same circle were also infected within a week.

At present, the most common and serious hazards are yellow and white dysentery of piglets, transmissible gastroenteritis (epidemic diarrhea) caused by coronavirus and rotavirus, and piglet diarrhea caused by pseudorabies dogs.

3Clinical differentiation of dysentery and diarrhea.

Primary clinical diagnosis due to the lack of testing equipment, identification can start from the following aspects, comprehensive judgment.

3.1 judging from the age of pigs, 2-day-old red dysentery, 3-5-day-old yellow dysentery, 5-day-old white dysentery, 7-20-day-old viral diarrhea, 1-6-month-old paratyphoid piglets.

3.2 Red dysentery and blood dysentery (amoebic dysentery) are considered in red stool color, yellow dysentery, viral diarrhea and white dysentery in yellow, white dysentery in white, and paratyphoid in piglets in gray. White viscous secretions are often the characteristics of the initial stage of intestinal inflammation, accompanied by bubbles and fishy odor as white dysentery, and yellow dysentery is considered when accompanied by milk clots with incomplete digestion; red viscous secretions are the manifestation of gastrointestinal bleeding, most of them are anal and rectal bleeding when they are bright, the bleeding site is in the large intestine when dark red, and it is the problem of stomach and small intestine when dark red and purple.

3.3 fecal morphology when molded feces and diarrhea appear alternately, atypical classical swine fever is first considered. When thin stool contains a lot of dyspeptic surimi, consider stress reactions such as cold, poisoning, sudden change of feed, parasitic diseases and so on. Feces contain viscous secretions, which should be judged according to the color of secretions. When feces are watery, consider poisoning and viral diarrhea.

3.4 fecal odor dyspepsia sparse stool is often accompanied by sour odor, faeces with fishy smell should be considered white dysentery, smelly odor should be considered piglet paratyphoid.

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