Growing jujube in greenhouse: beauty

Jujube greenhouse cultivation can advance the maturity of fresh jujube by 40 to 60 days, and planting in the same year, the fruit in the same year, one mu can yield more than 600 kg jujube. The second year can reach more than 1500 kg. Jujube tree itself has the characteristics of bearing fruit in the same year, seedlings planted in the shed increased the ground temperature, root healing early, rapid growth, germination early. In addition, the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse at flowering stage were suitable, and the fruit setting rate was obviously improved; while the flowering stage of jujube trees in open field was dry, and the first fruit setting was very few, so the fruit weight and yield of jujube trees in greenhouse were obviously higher than those in open field.

I. Construction of greenhouses

The greenhouses suitable for planting peaches, apricots and vegetables can be directly used. The newly-built greenhouses are east-west, 60 meters long and 8 to 10 meters wide from north to south. The cement blocks or brick structures on the rear walls are about 1 meter thick. The height of the shed is 2.5 to 3 meters.

II. Variety selection

it is necessary to select dwarf tree, strong early fruit, huge fruit shape, high-yield and high-quality varieties, such as early and late honey, June fresh, big melon jujube, extra large honey jujube, July crisp and other variety, which are suitable for greenhouse cultivation.

three seedlings

After defoliation, planting can be carried out. Before planting, a planting ditch shall be dug, with the width and depth of 60cm respectively. Wheat straw and straw shall be paved in the ditch, and sufficient organic fertilizer shall be applied. The ditch shall be evenly mixed with soil. Water shall be poured into the ditch. High-quality seedlings with root diameter of more than 1cm and complete root system shall be selected. The stem shall be fixed at 50 - 60cm position. The following branches shall be reserved for 2 - 3 bud short sections. Then ridge shall be formed with ridge width of 1m and ridge height of 20cm. Jujube seedlings shall be planted on the ridge with plant spacing of 1m and row spacing of 2m. 333 jujube seedlings shall be planted per mu.

IV. Buckle shed

The seedlings planted in the shed naturally dormancy 1 to 2 months or so, about the end of December to the beginning of January to apply sufficient base fertilizer, irrigation through water, the whole shed covered with black plastic film, can buckle the shed.

V. Temperature control

The time of fastening the shed is generally at the end of December, about 20 to 30 days after fastening the shed, and the method of covering the grass curtain at night is adopted, mainly to create a low temperature environment, break the dormancy, and begin to warm up in late January. Open 1/3 of the straw curtain during the day, and then open 1/2 of the straw curtain. After 10 days, all the straw curtains will be opened and the temperature will gradually increase. The pre-germination temperature is controlled at 15 to 18 degrees during the day and 10 to 13 degrees at night. The temperature during the shoot and leaf development period should be controlled at 18 to 25 degrees Celsius during the day and 10 to 15 degrees Celsius at night. Early flowering 20 to 26 degrees during the day and 12 to 16 degrees at night. Full bloom 22 to 30 degrees during the day and 15 to 18 degrees at night. Fruit development period 25 to 30 degrees, after gradually opening the film to adapt to the external environment.

VI. Shaping and pruning

Because the front edge of the greenhouse is low, it can be used in the shape of low stem clusters or open centers, and the rear edge of the greenhouse is high, and it can be used in the shape of free spindles or small crowns. Trimming is mainly summer shearing, mainly picking the jujube head, erasing the branches on the back and cutting off the over-dense branches. Winter pruning is mainly to cut short the developing branches, cut off the thin and overlapping branches, retract the fruiting branches and trunk branches, and renew the fruiting branch group to ensure the compact dwarfing of the tree.