A New Variety of very late ripening and High quality Peach: Wangmu Hongxiantao

Wangmu Hongxiantao, also known as Jinzui Xiantao, is a new late-ripening and high-quality peach variety in China. Its main characteristics are: late ripening, large fruit, red color, sweet, storage resistance, transportation resistance, high economic value, so it is a very promising variety of extra late maturity and high quality.

I. Botanical characteristics

The tree is strong and upright. The trunk and perennial branches are white and smooth. Annual branches reddish brown, internodes short, average 1.53 cm. The vigorous growth of new shoots is from the middle of May to the middle of June, and the prosperous period of secondary shoots is from July to August, and the growth of secondary branches is the strongest. Leaves are thick and often green, veins yellowish green, leaves 15 cm long, 3.2-3.5 cm wide, tip acuminate, petiole 0.8 cm long. The flower bud is small, the flower is large, the anther is yellow-purple, the pollen is many, the first flower is pink, and then gradually becomes crimson.

II. Biological characteristics

1. Growth and fruiting habits

The variety has the characteristics of medium germination rate and strong branching ability. the young tree has a large annual growth and forms a crown quickly. secondary shoots occur 2-3 times a year, and the average Internode length is 1.53 cm with a little short branch character. After entering the fruiting period, the tree moves towards the golden mean and grows stably. The 4-year-old trees accounted for 56.5% of the long fruit branches, 21.3% of the medium fruit branches, 16.6% of the short fruit branches and 5.6% of the bouquet-like fruit branches. The flower is easy to form, and the node position of the flower bud is low, which generally starts from the second node of the branch and stem, and the flower develops normally. Self-pollination, self-pollination fruit setting rate can reach 46.8, the garden does not need to plant pollination trees.

2. Fruit economic characters.

The fruit is near-orchard type, the tip of the fruit is slightly protruding, the tip of the fruit is yellow-white, purple-red near the core, also known as Jinzui Xiantao, the suture is obvious, medium-deep, the two halves are symmetrical, the average single fruit is 350g, and the maximum fruit weight is 1350 grams. The background color of the fruit is light yellow, the color is bright red after maturity, the colored surface can reach more than 75%, the fruit surface is smooth, the hairs are very short and few, the pulp is yellow-white, purplish red near the core, the pulp is crisp and thin, sweet, fruity and slightly fragrant, semi-sticky core. It contains 18-21% soluble solids, and the sugar content of the bagged fruit is 20-22%. It is resistant to mussel transportation and can be stored for about 100 days at room temperature.

3. High yield of fruit

The rate of fruiting plants in the second year of planting finished seedlings produced in one year is 100%. The average number of flowers per 2-year-old tree is 260, and the average yield of 4.8kg is 465 per 3-year-old tree. The average yield of 27.6kg per 3-year-old tree is 1468, and the average yield of 56.3kg per 4-year-old tree is equivalent to 666.7 square meters.

4. Adaptability

From the fruit orchard, Wangmu Hongxiantao has strong adaptability, strong resistance to drought and barren, and can achieve high yield in plain and hilly areas.

5. Phenological phase

Flower buds germinate in mid-March and leaf buds sprout in late March. The florescence is in the middle of April, and the florescence lasts about 10 days. The initial growth period of new shoots is from the beginning of May to the end of mid-May, and the vigorous growth period of new shoots is from mid-May to early June. The first fruit expansion period is from late August to late October, and the fruit development period is about 180 days, which is a very late ripening variety. The defoliation period is in the middle and last ten days of November.

III. Key points of cultivation techniques

1. Build a garden

The planting density should be 3-4 m in plain and 2.5-3 in hilly area. The height of the fixed stem is 25-30 cm, and the tree shape is suitable for natural happy shape.

2. Fruit thinning

This variety has a large number of flowers, high fruit setting rate and small natural growth fruit, so it is necessary to thinning fruit. The first fruit thinning is in late May, and the second fruit thinning is in early June. This time it is also called "fixed fruit". Generally, there are 2-3 fruits in long fruit branches, 1-2 fruits in middle fruit branches and 1 fruit in short fruit branches.

3. Bagging and picking leaves

In late June, the effect of double-layer paper bag fruit is better, two weeks before harvest, one-time bag can effectively avoid fruit cracking, and the fruit color is bright red, and the peel is delicate and smooth. After putting the bag, pick the leaves, remove the leaves and shading leaves affixed to the fruit, and promote the uniform color of the fruit surface.