Technology of controlled atmosphere storage of garlic bolts in silicon window

In the early 1980s, China began to promote silicon window atmosphere technology to keep garlic bolts fresh. It automatically adjusts the gas composition in the bag by embedding a certain area of silicone rubber film on the plastic bag to achieve the purpose of keeping fresh. it has the characteristics of labor-saving, time-saving, energy-saving, convenient management, stable gas composition, long storage life, low loss and good quality. The economic benefit is remarkable, so it has been popularized and used in a large area in a short time.

I. controlled atmosphere storage of garlic bolts in silicon window

1. The use of silicon window cold storage silicon window air conditioning can be divided into two forms: small packaging fresh-keeping bag and plastic account. In general, cold storage mostly uses small packaging fresh-keeping bags, which are easy to use and can be sold as packaging bags when they come out of the warehouse to reduce costs. The small bag is made of 0.08 mm thick polyethylene film and a certain area of silicone rubber film by high frequency heating machine, with specifications such as 15kg, 20kg, 25kg and so on.

two。 Silicon window area planning generally silicone rubber film manufacturers will provide the applicable area per ton of garlic bolts. When in use, it can be discounted and discounted in proportion. For example, the FC- 8 film produced by Lanzhou biochemical Institute is used as garlic bolting 0.4m2 / t ~ 0.5m2 / t.

3. Modified atmosphere preservation of garlic bolts has the advantages of low ① loss, long storage life, good quality and remarkable economic benefits. Due to the automatic adjustment of silicon window, the gas composition in the bag is basically stable at an ideal level during the whole storage period, which can not only avoid carbon dioxide poisoning, but also prevent quality aging, inhibit bacterial reproduction and reduce decay. Generally speaking, the air conditioning of silicon window is better than that of plastic bag, the production rate is 5% to 15% higher, the dry consumption is 2% lower, and the decay rate is reduced by more than 5%, so the price is much higher than the latter. ② is easy to manage, time-saving, labor-saving and energy-saving. The management of silicon window fresh-keeping bag is basically the same as the outgassing method, but it saves more than 20 times of outgassing, finishing, wiping water and other operations, which can save 80% of labor, reduce energy consumption and bag damage in operation, reduce cost, and ensure quality.

2. disease control of garlic bolts in controlled atmosphere storage.

1. Low temperature disease can reduce respiratory metabolism of fruits and vegetables, delay tissue senescence, inhibit microbial reproduction, reduce decay and prolong storage life. However, if the temperature is too low, low temperature disease will occur. The optimum temperature for storing garlic bolts is 0 ℃, and the lowest temperature should not be lower than-1 ℃. When the bolting temperature is lower than-1 ℃ for a short time, the garlic stalk can still recover, but if the time is too long, the cell membrane can not be recovered, resulting in frost damage, showing a blister appearance, tissue translucency, pigment degradation, boiled after thawing, with peculiar smell. The storage temperature (0 ℃ ~-1 ℃) and bolting temperature (±0.5 ℃) should be strictly controlled during storage.

two。 Carbon dioxide poisoning when the carbon dioxide gas in the bag is more than 10% for a long time, it will cause carbon dioxide poisoning and suffocate the organism. In the early stage, macula and pockmarks appeared on the stalk and gradually enlarged, forming a sunken round pit, the stalk softened and the strip was broken. The bolting bud changed from green to grayish white, and further developed, the stalk showed water stains, the epidermis fell off, and gave off a strong smell of wine when it rotted. When using silicon window to store garlic bolts, we must choose the silicon rubber film with stable quality, configure the silicon window with appropriate area strictly according to the instructions, pack the bags strictly according to the prescribed weight, and keep the storage temperature stable. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the bag and library was detected regularly.

3. Microbial diseases the main microbial diseases of garlic bolts during storage are stalk mildew, water rot, thrips and other microbial diseases. Under the condition of controlled atmosphere, when the bag is in high humidity for a long time, the dried shoots are very easy to rot, but generally do not affect the stalks. Thrips are caused by the field, the cause of which is unknown. There are small maculae on the stalks during harvest, if they are stored in time after acquisition, the gas composition is reasonable, the reservoir temperature is stable, basically no disease occurs or occurs later, and the harm is not great, otherwise it will cause great losses. Water rot is caused by mechanical injuries caused by loading, unloading and transportation.

4. Microbial disease control measures ① to ensure the quality of acquisition, safe loading and unloading, selection, storage, pre-cooling, timely bagging. ② ensures the stability of reservoir temperature and reduces condensation. ③ drug fumigation: 1.4g of carbendazim (containing 50% sec-butylamine) is generally used per cubic meter of storage. Fumigation should be carried out before tying the mouth to avoid drugs sticking directly to the garlic stalk.

III. Key points of controlled atmosphere storage of garlic bolts in silicon window.

In addition to the two necessary conditions of temperature and atmosphere, attention must be paid to the quality of garlic bolts, storage speed and warehouse management in order to improve the effect of controlled atmosphere storage of garlic bolts.

1. The quality of garlic bolts should be guaranteed. The quality of garlic bolts stored in storage is the basis of storage. The garlic bolts purchased should be fresh, green and small. It is strictly forbidden to purchase garlic bolts that are aged, sick or stored for a long time after harvest. If conditions permit, factors such as planting, fertilization and irrigation of garlic bolts should also be considered.

two。 The purchase of pre-cooled garlic bolts in time is in the high temperature season, with fast respiratory metabolism, exothermic and aging speed, so the purchased garlic bolts should be transported back to the cold storage in time and selected for pre-cooling as soon as possible.

3. Pre-cooling, bagging ① on the shelf to cool down as soon as possible. At the initial stage of garlic bolting, the bolting temperature is high and the heat load is large. The operators in the computer room should defrost frequently to ensure a good cooling effect and lower the bolting temperature in the shortest possible time. Do not pack the bag until the ② temperature is below 5%. If the bolting temperature is too high, it will cause too much water in the bag. Bags must be weighed with an error of no more than ±10% per bag, and avoid puncturing plastic bags. ③ should open the bag after being put on the shelf so that the bolting temperature can be reduced to ±0.5 ℃ as soon as possible. At this point, wipe off the stagnant water in the bag with a clean cloth, check whether the bag is damaged, and then fasten the mouth of the bag.

4. To ensure the stability of storage temperature is the key to storage management in order to prevent low temperature diseases, inhibit respiration and reduce the "sweating" of garlic bolts, it is necessary to ensure the stability of storage temperature. To this end, it is necessary to establish and improve a set of clear post responsibility system and strict reward and punishment mechanism. At the same time, an automatic temperature recorder should be installed to check the cooling condition. In addition, regularly sample and test the composition of the gas, so that you have a clear idea.