Prevention of partial fattening of fattening pigs

Some farmers in order to make pigs grow faster, but there is a fat phenomenon of big pigs, why? Growing pigs "eat for energy", so dietary energy will affect feed intake, growth rate, feed efficiency and carcass lean percentage of pigs. If the dietary energy level is reduced to 10.8 MJ / kg feed, the growth rate and feed utilization efficiency will decrease, but the carcass lean percentage will increase; if it is reduced to 8.8 MJ / kg feed, the growth rate and feed utilization rate of pigs will be seriously reduced due to lack of energy intake. Pigs feel very thin. If the energy is too high, there will be fertilizer. The general dietary energy level is 11.9-13.3 megajoules / kg feed. The energy of piglets and middle pigs is higher and that of big pigs is lower.

With different protein content in feed, the growth rate and carcass weight of pigs will be different. When the protein content in the feed is low, the growth rate of pigs will slow down. When the dietary crude protein level is 17.5%, the daily gain is better, and when it is more than 22.5%, the daily gain decreases, but the lean meat rate increases, but it is uneconomical to increase the lean meat percentage by increasing the protein level. The protein level should be determined according to the law of pig growth and the requirement of lean meat percentage. For pigs with high lean meat percentage such as Yang Sanyuan, before 60kg body weight, the protein level should be 16% Mel 18%, and the later stage should be 13% Mel 15%. For medium lean meat percentage growing and fattening pigs, 14% Mel 16% in the early stage and 12% Mel 14% in the later stage.

The effect of crude fiber should also be considered in the formula feed, and the ability of pigs to use crude fiber is poor. The content of crude fiber will affect the palatability and digestibility of diets. If the crude fiber content is too high, the palatability is poor, and the digestibility of the diet decreases; if the content is too low, the pig will have diarrhea or constipation, and due to the reduction of energy intake, the weight gain rate of the pig and the backfat thickness of the pig will be reduced, so the fat and lean degree of the pig can be adjusted according to the crude fiber level. Piglets and medium pigs should not exceed 5%, and later stages should not exceed 8%. Feed pigs with or without high fiber coarse materials such as rice husk powder and bran as far as possible.

The fineness of feed processing and feeding methods will also affect the feed intake, growth rate and fatness of pigs. The fineness of feed should be 1.2Mel 1.8mm in diameter, and the meat pigs should have a refreshing feed intake, high feed intake, fast weight gain and high feed utilization rate. Crushing too fine will reduce the feed intake of pigs and increase the incidence of gastric ulcer. When containing part of the green feed, the crushing particle size will not affect the palatability, nor will it cause gastric ulcer. Some diets are better fed raw than cooked, and most vitamins are destroyed by high temperatures. The dry feeding of feed saves labor and time, and it is convenient to use automatic feeding trough for feeding. Wet feeding can improve the palatability of feed and avoid producing feed dust, but the amount of water added should not be too much. Generally, the wet mixture should be adjusted according to the ratio of feed to water for l:0.5-l.0. After adding water, it can be held into a ball and loosened. Pay attention to prevent feed spoilage in summer. Dilute feed will affect the dry matter intake of pigs, dilute gastric juice is not conducive to digestion, so farmers in the addition of swill, do not add too much water.

As the saying goes, "piglets grow bones, medium pigs gain meat, and fattening pigs gain fat", so the feeding method should be determined according to the growth law of pigs, with large free feed intake, high daily gain and carcass backfat thickness. when limited to feeding, the daily gain is lower, but the feed utilization rate is higher, and the carcass backfat is thin. However, the response of some pigs with high lean growth potential to limited feeding is not very obvious, and they can feed freely. In general, farmers are fed according to limited feeding, with a little surplus in each meal. When the body weight is less than 35kg, the gastrointestinal volume is small and the digestive ability is poor. Should be fed 3-4 times a day. 35Mel 60kg pigs with enlarged gastrointestinal volume and increased digestive capacity should be fed 2Mel 3 times a day. After weighing 60 kg, you can be fed twice a day. Too many times of feeding will affect the rest of pigs and increase labor consumption. Try to keep the feeding time as balanced as possible, and feed it in the morning and evening when the weather is cool in summer. Some farmers in the feeding, the pig stage is limited to feed, think that this will adjust the shelf, and then increase the amount later, in fact, this will make the pig fat. In general, there is no restriction on feeding in the middle pig stage, and there is a slight restriction on feeding after 60 kilograms. That is, free feeding is adopted in the early stage, and limited feeding is used in the later stage. The amount of drinking water of pigs is relatively large, and some farmers do not pay attention to these, thinking that as long as they use dilute material or hogwash, they do not need to add water. In fact, insufficient drinking water or limited drinking water will lead to loss of appetite, reduction of food intake, reduction of daily gain and feed utilization rate, and increase of backfat thickness. serious water shortage will cause disease. The amount of drinking water of pigs varies with body weight, environmental temperature, feed, breeds and feed intake of pigs. In winter, the amount of drinking water is 5kg / 15jin, and in summer it is about 10kg / 30jin. It is best to have automatic water dispensers. You can also add water to the tank after feeding and finish it the next time you feed. If we have a good grasp of the above factors, the benefit will increase, and pigs will grow faster without being overweight.