How to prevent and cure orrhoea

Sheep mouth sore, also known as sheep infectious pustule, is a contagious disease of sheep and goat caused by virus, which is characterized by papules, blisters, pustules and verrucous scabs formed in lips, tongue, nose, breast and other parts. Sheep stomatitis virus belongs to the family poxvirus and parapoxviruses. In the negative samples, the virions have the characteristics of coils. The antigenicity of viruses isolated from different regions was not completely the same. The disease often occurs in lambs at the age of 3 ~ 6 months, and most of the adult sheep in the epidemic area have a certain degree of resistance. The disease is widely distributed in all countries and regions in the world. It exists in China, Gansu, Qinghai, Yunnan, Inner Mongolia and Northeast provinces.

1. Preventive measures

1. As the disease is mainly infected by trauma, the 7-25-day-old lamb is the teething period, and the lamb likes to lick foreign bodies and is easy to damage the oral mucosa, so it is necessary to prevent the damage of thorns in feed and bedding grass, keep the lambing house dry, spread clean and soft bedding grass, and add appropriate amount of salt to reduce the chance of gnawing on the earth wall and protect the oral mucosa from damage.

two。 In the endemic areas of the disease, the attenuated vaccine strain which is the same as the local epidemic strain can be used for immunization. Through the method of continuous passage of calf testicular cells, Gansu Provincial Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute made freeze-dried live vaccine, which is suitable for scratches on the lower lip mucosa of sheep and goats of all ages, with an inoculation dose of 0.2ml per head, and can also be inoculated on the skin scratches of the medial thigh. The immunity period is 3 months. When used in a large area in the field, the protection rate is more than 80%. In addition, Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences has also successfully developed an attenuated vaccine using the same method. Intramucosal injection of oral lip or subcutaneous scratch inoculation of the medial thigh of newborn lambs were used, the inoculation amount was 0.2ml, the immunization period was 5 months, and the protection rate was more than 3 × 4. It has been reported that the cellular attenuated vaccine produced by Lanzhou Biopharmaceutical Factory has a protective period of up to 18 months. When it is used, it is inoculated under the lip mucosa. 0.2ml of each sheep produces immunity after 15 days. Pregnant ewes are vaccinated 30 or 15 days before parturition. Newborn lambs can obtain high levels of antibodies from maternal colostrum.

3. Because of the cross-neutralization between goat mouth ulcer and goat pox virus, goat vaccination with attenuated goat pox vaccine cultivated at low temperature in our country has no local response or only mild response, but it can resist the attack of virulent goat mouth sore. therefore, the method of vaccination with attenuated goat pox vaccine can also be used for immune prevention. * * an epidemic occurred in a place where goat vaccinia vaccine produced by Qinghai Pharmaceutical Factory was used to urgently vaccinate 4063 threatened lambs, with an immune protection rate of 96.31%.

4. Scab skin of naturally diseased sheep can also be collected in the endemic area of the disease. After grinding, 1% virus solution is made with 50% glycerol saline buffer, and scratches are made in the hairless tail root of healthy sheep. Inflammation or pustular lesions occur after about 7 days of inoculation, and then scab occurs, and the crusts fall off after a few weeks. This method can produce lasting immunity (up to a year or so). The vaccination of ewes should be completed 3-4 weeks before delivery. This method is in danger of detoxification, so it is only used in epidemic areas.

Generally speaking, the attenuated vaccine is safer and the inactivated vaccine is less effective. However, there are also people abroad who use the papilloma tissue of musk cattle infected with this disease to be inactivated with glutaraldehyde, emulsified with Freund's adjuvant, and inoculated to 2-month-old musk cattle to protect them from infection.

II. Treatment measures in case of epidemic disease

Here are some excerpts from the successful treatments reported in recent years:

1. Hara (marmot) oil 1kg was melted and mixed with 300g trichlorfon. The affected part could be cured after 1 day. More than 12000 sheep had been treated with this method and all were cured.

two。 Ribavirin (triclozole nucleoside injection) 100mg/mL and dexamethasone injection 5mg/mL were mixed intramuscularly with 2 ∶ 1, adult sheep 3ml, lamb half or 2ml, locally smeared with iodoglycerin or gentian purple. The general use of drugs for 2 to 3 days, the effect is better, the cure rate is high. In severe cases, penicillin and streptomycin should be used twice a day.

3. The scab and pustular skin were removed with disinfection surgical ribbon cutting and photographer. After disinfecting the wound with Qiangliangxiaoling solution, ice boron powder (borneol 50g, borax 500g, Yuanming powder 500g, cinnabar 30g, grinding powder, mixing) was mixed with water into a paste, foaming the affected part, applying the medicine once every other day, for 7 days and 10 days, until the scab or scab fell off. A total of 28 cases were cured. As an auxiliary measure, the diseased sheep were isolated and raised, and the sheep pens, venues and environment were disinfected with 1g/L Qiangliangxiaoling twice a day until the sick sheep recovered.

4. The wound can be smeared with the following drugs: 2% gentian purple, or 3% iodine tincture glycerin (iodine 3G, potassium iodide 5g, 75% alcohol 10ml dissolved and glycerol 10ml) or iodine pine mixture (1 part of iodine tincture, 1 part of pine distillate oil, 1 part of paraffin oil). Twice a day for 3 days. Sulfonamides powder spread the wound. Or rinse the ulcer surface with light saline and blow Bing Boron Powder (borneol 15g, borax 150g, mirabilite 18g, fine powder) twice a day, and new granulation tissue will grow on the ulcer surface 2 days later. When mixed infection should cooperate with sulfonamides and antibiotics anti-inflammatory, rehydration and other measures.

5. After scab removal, the wound is washed with 0.1% potassium permanganate, then smeared with the following drugs: ① 3% iodine tincture, pine pomegranate oil, paraffin oil (1 ∶ 2 ∶ 2) mixture, mix well and use. ② furacilin, fish gypsum ointment (1 ∶ 4); ③ iodoglycerin (7% iodine tincture 70ml, plus anhydrous glycerol 30ml), all once a day for 7 consecutive days, followed by the next course of treatment every 3 days.

6. Can also be coated with the following traditional Chinese medicine ulcer noodles: ① Bletilla powder, vegetable oil, borneol (10 ∶ 5 ∶ 1) mixture, mix well; ② people in white, artificial bezoar, indigo, borneol, gypsum, catechu, etc., a total of the end; ③ Qingdai 9g, Phellodendron Phellodendron 9g, Coptis chinensis 6g, Platycodon grandiflorum 6g, catechu 6g, peppermint 3G as the end; ④ Koujiling: with indigo, Cortex Phellodendri, Di Ding, withered alum, Baiyao decoction and other more than ten flavor drugs into fine powder, adjusted to water into a paste. ⑤ catechu 15g, withered salt 12g, Renzhongbai 9g, Chuanlian 9g, flying alum 9g, indigo 6g were applied or sprayed into the oral cavity, and the above drugs were applied once or twice a day. Wipe off the hard scab with cotton dipped in 50g/L copper sulfate aqueous solution, and then apply iodine glycerin (50g/L iodine 100mL, glycerin 100ml) to the affected area.

7. After washing the hoof, soak the hoof with 50mL formalin solution for 2 minutes, once a day for 2 days. If it is not cured, soak every other week. After one week of the above treatment, the symptoms were obviously relieved and could be cured in 2 courses. Contaminated bedding grass should be burned and utensils should be disinfected, such as 20g/L sodium hydroxide, 100g/L lime water or 200g/L hot plant ash water, etc. The hooves can also be soaked in 10% zinc oxide or zinc sulfate or 5% formalin, and then smeared with 10% chloramphenicol solution in alcohol or propylene glycol, or with oxytetracycline or polymyxin ointment.